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Difficulty: MediumSubordination and Coordination

Emily Warren Roebling stepped in to manage the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge after her husband, the chief engineer, fell ill. Although she had not been formally trained as an engineer; but she quickly mastered key concepts in engineering and materials science to guide the project to completion.

Which of the following choices best replaces the underlined portion to create a grammatically correct sentence?

  1. A
    NO CHANGE
  2. B
    She had not been formally trained as an engineer, she
  3. Although she had not been formally trained as an engineer, sheAnswer
  4. D
    Although she had not been formally trained as an engineer, but she

Answer

Although she had not been formally trained as an engineer, she
The correct option correctly uses the subordinating conjunction 'Although' to set up a dependent clause, which is separated from the main independent clause by a comma. This creates a grammatically correct sentence showing contrast.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the relationship between the two clauses in the sentence.
The clause 'she had not been formally trained as an engineer' introduces a concession to the main action of mastering engineering concepts.
Identifying the logical relationship helps determine which conjunctions are required to link the clauses.
2
Evaluate the structure for proper subordination and coordination.
The correct structure requires either a subordinating conjunction (like 'Although') introducing a dependent clause followed by a comma and the main clause, or two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (like 'but'). It cannot use both, and a semicolon should not separate a dependent clause from an independent clause.
This ensures the sentence does not contain fragments, comma splices, or redundant conjunctions.

Key Concept

Subordination and Coordination
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Topics

Subordination and Coordination

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