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Difficulty: MediumEliminating Redundancy

Scientists studying ice core samples from Greenland analyze trapped air bubbles to reconstruct Earth's atmospheric history. Each annual sample provides a year-by-year record of greenhouse gas concentrations over past millennia.

Which choice best eliminates the redundancy in the underlined portion of the sentence?

  1. A
    NO CHANGE
  2. Each annual sample provides a record of greenhouse gas concentrationsAnswer
  3. C
    Each annual sample providing a record of greenhouse gas concentrations,
  4. D
    Each annual sample provides a record of greenhouse gas concentrations, it details

Answer

The option reading 'Each annual sample provides a record of greenhouse gas concentrations' is the correct choice because it removes repetitive wording while maintaining complete, grammatical sentence structure.
The selection stating 'Each annual sample provides a record of greenhouse gas concentrations' is correct because it removes 'year-by-year,' which redundantly repeats the meaning of 'annual,' while keeping the rest of the main clause grammatically complete.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the redundancy in the underlined portion.
The words 'annual' (meaning occurring once a year) and 'year-by-year' convey the exact same idea in the sentence.
Effective English writing avoids using synonymous modifiers that repeat information unnecessarily.
2
Evaluate the remaining options for conciseness and grammatical correctness.
Removing 'year-by-year' leaves 'Each annual sample provides a record of greenhouse gas concentrations', which is grammatically complete with a subject ('sample') and predicate ('provides').
The correct choice must eliminate the unnecessary repetition without introducing structural errors like sentence fragments or comma splices.

Key Concept

Eliminating Redundancy
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Topics

Eliminating Redundancy

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