Josephine’s Invention
[1]
In the late nineteenth century, Josephine Cochrane, a wealthy socialite from Illinois, grew frustrated with a common household problem. Although she did not wash dishes herself, her servants frequently chipped her fine heirloom china while cleaning it. Determined to find a better solution, Cochrane resolved to build a machine that could wash dishes faster and more safely than human hands.
[2]
Working in a shed behind her home, Cochrane designed a machine that used high water pressure rather than scrubbers to clean. She measured the dishes first, constructing wire compartments tailored to fit plates, cups, and saucers. These compartments were placed inside a copper boiler, which rotated while hot, soapy water was sprayed from the bottom. Cochrane patented her invention in 1886, naming it the Cochrane Dishwasher.
[3]
Initially, Cochrane’s invention was not designed for the average home, which lacked the plumbing and hot water heaters necessary to run the machine. Instead, she found success selling her large-scale washers to hotels, restaurants, and hospitals, where efficiency and sanitation were paramount. Cochrane’s design laid the foundation for the modern household appliance that is now common in kitchens worldwide.
Suppose the writer’s goal had been to write an essay that describes the technical and mechanical difficulties Cochrane encountered while building her first prototype. Would this essay successfully fulfill that goal?
- AYes, because the essay describes how Cochrane measured dishes to construct wire compartments and built the device in her backyard shed.
- BYes, because the essay explains that Cochrane successfully overcame the lack of hot water heaters in homes by marketing her invention to large businesses.
- No, because the essay focuses on the motivation behind Cochrane's invention and its early commercial applications rather than detailing the technical setbacks she faced while building the machine.Answer
- DNo, because the essay focuses primarily on the history of nineteenth-century household servants and the types of heirloom china they washed.