Examkin

Question

Difficulty: EasyComparing and Contrasting Models

### Models of Acid-Base Behavior

Two models are proposed to describe the behavior of acids and bases in chemical reactions.

Model 1 (Arrhenius Model)
Acids are substances that dissociate in aqueous (water-based) solutions to produce hydrogen ions (H+H^+). Bases are substances that dissociate in aqueous solutions to produce hydroxide ions (OH−OH^-). Under this model, acid-base reactions are limited to aqueous environments.

Model 2 (Brønsted-Lowry Model)
Acids are substances that donate a proton (H+H^+) to another substance in a reaction. Bases are substances that accept a proton (H+H^+) from another substance. Under this model, acid-base reactions do not require an aqueous solution.

Based on these models, which of the following statements describes a major difference between Model 1 and Model 2 regarding the environment in which acid-base reactions can occur?

  1. Model 1 requires the reaction to occur in an aqueous solution, whereas Model 2 does not.Answer
  2. B
    Model 2 requires the reaction to occur in an aqueous solution, whereas Model 1 does not.
  3. C
    Both Model 1 and Model 2 require the reaction to occur in an aqueous solution.
  4. D
    Neither Model 1 nor Model 2 requires the reaction to occur in an aqueous solution.

Answer

Model 1 requires the reaction to occur in an aqueous solution, whereas Model 2 does not.
According to the passage, Model 1 explicitly limits acid-base reactions to aqueous (water-based) environments, while Model 2 states that reactions do not require an aqueous solution. The statement that Model 1 requires an aqueous solution while Model 2 does not correctly identifies this difference.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the environment required for acid-base reactions in Model 1.
Model 1 states that acid-base reactions are limited to aqueous (water-based) environments.
To understand the constraints of the first model.
2
Identify the environment required for acid-base reactions in Model 2.
Model 2 states that acid-base reactions do not require an aqueous solution.
To understand the constraints of the second model.
3
Compare the requirements of both models to identify the difference.
Model 1 is restricted to water-based environments, while Model 2 can occur in other environments.
To determine the correct description of their difference.

Key Concept

Comparing the environmental constraints of different scientific models
Rate this question

Topics

Comparing and Contrasting Models

More questions from this topic