Question

Difficulty: MediumTranslating and Solving Algebraic Word Problems

An online retail store charges a flat shipping fee of 10.0010.00 for any order, plus 5.005.00 per pound of the package's weight. A customer places an order and uses a coupon that gives them a 20%20\% discount on the total cost (the flat shipping fee plus the weight cost). If the customer's total bill after the discount is 36.0036.00, what would their total bill have been, in dollars, if they had not used the coupon?

  1. A
    30.0030.00
  2. B
    38.0038.00
  3. C
    42.5042.50
  4. D
    43.2043.20
  5. 45.0045.00Answer

Answer

The total bill without the coupon would have been 45.0045.00.
The correct answer represents the total cost before the coupon discount. Since a 20%20\% discount was applied to the entire bill, the final bill of 36.0036.00 represents 80%80\% of the original total bill. Setting up the equation 0.80T=36.000.80T = 36.00 and dividing 36.0036.00 by 0.800.80 yields the original total bill of 45.0045.00.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Define the variable for the original total bill and set up the equation using the discount percentage.
Let TT represent the total bill before the coupon discount. A 20%20\% discount means the customer pays 100%20%=80%100\% - 20\% = 80\% of the original total bill. This gives the linear equation 0.80T=36.000.80T = 36.00.
Establishing a direct relationship between the original price and the discounted price allows for a direct solution without needing to calculate the weight of the package first.
2
Solve the equation for TT by dividing the discounted cost by the remaining percentage factor.
T=36.000.80=45.00T = \frac{36.00}{0.80} = 45.00
Dividing both sides of the equation by 0.800.80 isolates the variable TT, representing the original total bill in dollars.

Key Concept

Translating percentage changes and linear cost models into algebraic equations.

Alternative Method

You can also solve this by finding the weight of the package first. Setting up the equation with the weight ww gives 0.80(10.00+5.00w)=36.000.80(10.00 + 5.00w) = 36.00. Dividing by 0.800.80 simplifies the expression to 10.00+5.00w=45.0010.00 + 5.00w = 45.00, which is the original bill. Solving further gives 5.00w=35.005.00w = 35.00 and w=7w = 7 pounds. Substituting 77 back into the original cost formula yields 10.00+5.00(7)=45.0010.00 + 5.00(7) = 45.00.
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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