Read the passage below:
Before paleoclimatologist Dr. Soren Kjaer extracted the 400-meter speleothem sample from the submerged coastal cave in 2018, his team spent three years designing a custom pressure-sealed core drill. In 2012, prior to securing research funding, Kjaer had mapped the cave's underwater topography using acoustic sonar. Following the 2018 extraction, the team subjected the mineral layers to high-precision uranium-series dating, which revealed a significant growth hiatus. It was not until 2022 that Kjaer published the complete isotopic analysis in a paleontology journal.
Based on the passage, arrange the events in chronological order from earliest to latest.
- 1Mapping the cave's underwater topography using acoustic sonar
- 2Designing the custom pressure-sealed core drill
- 3Extracting the speleothem sample from the submerged cave
- 4Subjecting the mineral layers to uranium-series dating
- 5Publishing the complete isotopic analysis
Answer
The chronological order of events from earliest to latest is: mapping the underwater topography (2012), designing the pressure-sealed drill (2015–2018), extracting the speleothem sample (2018), subjecting the mineral layers to uranium-series dating (post-2018 extraction), and publishing the complete isotopic analysis (2022).
By following the temporal markers given in the text: acoustic sonar mapping occurred in 2012; drill design took place over three years leading up to 2018; sample extraction occurred in 2018; uranium-series dating followed the 2018 extraction; and publication occurred in 2022.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Determining Stated Sequence of Events
Estimated Time:1m 30s