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Difficulty: MediumEliminating Redundancy

In 1911, explorer Hiram Bingham climbed into the Peruvian Andes and encountered Machu Picchu, an ancient citadel from the past that was built by the Inca.

Which choice best replaces the underlined portion of the passage to eliminate redundancy?

  1. A
    an ancient citadel from the past that was built by the Inca
  2. B
    an ancient citadel, it was built by the Inca
  3. an ancient citadel built by the IncaAnswer
  4. D
    an ancient citadel. Which was built by the Inca

Answer

an ancient citadel built by the Inca
The correct choice is the most concise option that avoids redundancy. The modifier 'ancient' already expresses that the citadel is old and from the past, making the phrase 'from the past' redundant. The correct option expresses the idea directly and grammatically.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the redundancy in the underlined portion.
The words 'ancient' and 'from the past' express the same chronological concept.
To make the sentence clear and concise, repetitive synonyms must be eliminated.
2
Evaluate the remaining options for conciseness and grammatical correctness.
The most concise version is 'an ancient citadel built by the Inca', while the other choices introduce grammatical errors like comma splices or sentence fragments.
ACT conventions require both grammatical correctness and the elimination of redundant information.

Key Concept

Eliminating Redundancy
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Topics

Eliminating Redundancy

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