All practice questions

During a deep-sea expedition off the Galápagos Rift, marine biologists documented dense, thriving communities of giant tube worms, and they gathered hydrothermal fluid samples to measure chemical compositions.

Which choice best conforms to the conventions of Standard English punctuation for the underlined portion?

Read the following passage carefully:

Before Captain Tobias Finch successfully hoisted the bronze astrolabe from the wrecked merchant vessel The Wanderer in the autumn of 2019, his marine survey team spent six months mapping the seabed using side-scan sonar. However, the true breakthrough had occurred three years prior to that sonar survey, when archival researcher Clara Higgins uncovered a forgotten 1682 ship's log in a maritime museum detailing the reef's location. Following the 2019 extraction of the astrolabe, Finch’s team spent two years conserving the metal in a specialized chemical bath before finally displaying the artifact at the International Maritime Summit in 2022. Remarkably, preliminary timber sampling of the hull—conducted immediately after the sonar mapping was completed but prior to the astrolabe's extraction—had already confirmed the vessel’s identity.

Based on the passage, which of the following events occurred immediately after the side-scan sonar mapping of the seabed was completed?

Study 1
Students determined the soil organic matter (SOM) percentage of a soil sample using a loss-on-ignition (LOI) procedure. The apparatus consisted of an analytical balance, porcelain crucibles, a drying oven ($105^\circ\text{C}$), a high-temperature muffle furnace ($550^\circ\text{C}$), and a desiccator containing active silica gel desiccant.

Based on standard laboratory procedures for analyzing soil composition and controlling moisture error, in what chronological sequence should the students perform the steps below?

To analyze microclimate variations across the urban center, meteorologists installed sensor nodes throughout the dense, bustling district, and they gathered temperature data continuously for several months.

Which choice for the underlined portion best conforms to the conventions of standard written English?

A local wildlife sanctuary maintains a specialized feeding program for rehabilitated hawks. Each hawk receives $p$ pounds of meat mixture per week. If the sanctuary cares for $18$ hawks and uses a total of $45$ pounds of meat mixture per week, which of the following equations can be used to find $p$?

A high-speed digital camera records $480$ frames every $3$ seconds. The camera operator increases the recording rate by $25\%$. At this new recording rate, how many total frames will the camera record in $14$ seconds?

Read the passage below:

Long before conservator Kenji Sato presented the fully restored sixteenth-century Japanese screen printing to the museum board in 2018, his restoration team had undertaken a meticulous stabilization project. The delicate artifact had been discovered in an abandoned temple storehouse in 2005, although municipal records indicated that monks had relocated the screen there following a catastrophic river flood in 1972. Before any chemical cleaning could commence in 2012, Sato spent three years cataloging the pigment degradation under ultraviolet illumination. It was only after completing this detailed pigment analysis that the team applied an organic binding gel in 2015 to stabilize the flaking gold leaf, a procedure that preceded the screen's final re-housing in an airtight glass casing by exactly two years.

Based on the passage, which of the following events occurred FIRST in chronological order?

A bookstore received a shipment of $50$ new books. Among these books, $24$ are fiction, $20$ are hardcover, and $8$ are hardcover fiction books. If $1$ book is selected at random from the shipment, what is the probability that the selected book is either a fiction book or a hardcover book?

Experiment 1
Students set up an electrolysis apparatus to produce hydrogen gas ($H_2$) and chlorine gas ($Cl_2$) from an aqueous sodium chloride ($NaCl$) solution. The apparatus consisted of a U-shaped glass tube separated into two distinct chambers by a porous ceramic diaphragm placed at the bottom bend. Platinum electrodes connected to a direct-current power source were immersed in each chamber. Chamber 1 contained the cathode, where $H_2$ gas and hydroxide ions ($OH^-$) were generated. Chamber 2 contained the anode, where $Cl_2$ gas was generated.

Based on the described experimental setup, what is the primary procedural function of the porous ceramic diaphragm between Chamber 1 and Chamber 2?

To determine the authenticity of the Renaissance fresco, art conservators analyzed the vibrant, durable pigments, extracted micro-samples from the plaster, and they recorded chemical compositions using infrared spectroscopy.

Which choice best conforms to the conventions of standard written English?

During a laboratory experiment, a liquid cooling solution's temperature dropped by a total of $14.4^\circ\text{C}$ over a duration of $t$ minutes. If the temperature decreased at a constant rate of $1.8^\circ\text{C}$ per minute, which of the following equations can be solved to find $t$?

A commercial bakery makes a specialty flour blend using whole wheat flour, rye flour, and white flour in a ratio of $3 : 2 : 5$ by weight, respectively. To prepare a batch for a large order, a baker uses $36\text{ pounds}$ of whole wheat flour. If rye flour costs $\$1.50$ per pound and white flour costs $\$0.80$ per pound, what is the total cost of the rye flour and white flour needed for this batch?

A nutritionist analyzed the proportion of daily recommended fiber provided by four different snack bars. The proportions were recorded as follows: Fruit Bar ($58\%$), Oat Bar ($\frac{7}{12}$), Nut Bar ($0.585$), and Seed Bar ($\frac{3}{5}$). Arrange the four snack bars in order from the LEAST proportion of daily recommended fiber to the GREATEST proportion of daily recommended fiber.

A box contains red, blue, and yellow game tokens. The probability of randomly selecting a red token is $\frac{3}{8}$, and the probability of randomly selecting a blue token is $\frac{1}{3}$. If the box contains exactly $14$ yellow tokens, how many total tokens are in the box?

A high school planning committee needs to select a subcommittee of $3$ people from a pool of $5$ teachers and $4$ students. How many different subcommittees can be formed consisting of exactly $2$ teachers and $1$ student?

An urban hydroponic farm uses a liquid nutrient mixture containing nitrogen, potassium, and calcium in a mass ratio of $3 : 5 : 8$, respectively. A technician prepares a batch of solution where the amount of calcium exceeds the amount of nitrogen by exactly $15\text{ grams}$. How many total grams of nutrient solution will be prepared?

At an agricultural orchard, a seasonal harvest consisted of apples, pears, and peaches. Of the total harvest, $\frac{3}{8}$ were apples and $42.5\%$ were pears. If the remaining harvest consisted of $96$ bushels of peaches, what was the total number of bushels of fruit harvested by the orchard?

A solar power facility generates a total of $E$ kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity on a sunny day. This energy is distributed equally into $16$ identical utility-scale battery units, resulting in exactly $425\text{ kWh}$ stored per unit. Which of the following equations can be solved to find $E$?

To evaluate how volcanic ash impacts jet turbines, aerospace engineers simulated high-altitude flight conditions, injected fine silica dust into the combustion chamber, and observed how the thermal coating on the blades degraded over time.

Which choice best conforms to the conventions of standard written English?

Bioacousticians measured the echolocation click rate (in clicks per minute, $\text{clicks/min}$) of a harbor porpoise at four different water depths across three 15-minute observation trials. The results are summarized in the table below:

Based on the table, what is the average echolocation click rate, in $\text{clicks/min}$, across all three trials at a depth of 30 m?