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Difficulty: EasyPan-Africanism and Garveyism

Read the following excerpt from a speech by Marcus Garvey in 1921:

"We are organized for the absolute redemption of a new country, a country that once was ours, a country that is ours by right of heritage, and that is Africa. We are going to establish there a government so strong, so powerful, that it will command the respect of all other nations of the world."

Based on the excerpt, which of the following best describes the primary goal of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)?

  1. The establishment of an independent, self-governing nation in Africa for people of African descent worldwideAnswer
  2. B
    The coordination of international diplomatic congresses to lobby European colonial powers for gradual political reforms
  3. C
    The immediate political integration of Black Americans into domestic political parties to secure civil rights within the United States
  4. D
    The unification of all diverse African cultures and ethnic groups into a single language and religious practice across the continent

Answer

The establishment of an independent, self-governing nation in Africa for people of African descent worldwide
The correct answer is correct because the excerpt details a vision for the "absolute redemption" of Africa through the establishment of a strong, sovereign government, which aligns directly with the UNIA's core ideology of Black nationalism and the creation of an independent state for people of African descent.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the stimulus quote from Marcus Garvey.
The quote emphasizes the "absolute redemption" of Africa and the establishment of "a government so strong, so powerful, that it will command the respect of all other nations."
This establishes the political goal of creating a sovereign Black nation in Africa.
2
Evaluate the choices based on the core tenets of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA).
Garvey's UNIA promoted Black nationalism, economic self-reliance, and emigration (the "Back-to-Africa" movement) to build a sovereign state, rather than lobbying colonial powers or integrating into US politics.
This confirms that the creation of an independent, self-governing nation in Africa is the correct choice.

Key Concept

The core ideological goals and methods of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA).
Estimated Time:1m 0s
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Topics

Pan-Africanism and Garveyism

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