Question

Difficulty: EasyShipboard Rebellions and Middle Passage Resistance

Read the excerpt from an 1839 newspaper report on the Spanish vessel *Amistad* and answer the question below.

"On the night of the 2nd of July, the captives on board the *Amistad*, under the command of Cinqué, rose upon the crew, killed the captain and cook, and took possession of the vessel. They directed the course of the ship toward Africa, but were deceived by the Spaniards, who steered north during the night, leading to the ship's eventual capture near New York."

Which of the following historical conclusions is best supported by the events described in the excerpt?

  1. Enslaved Africans actively exercised agency and resisted their captivity during the transatlantic voyage.Answer
  2. B
    Captives generally remained passive and relied on European legal advocates to secure their freedom.
  3. C
    Middle Passage resistance was limited to covert, daily actions rather than organized, physical mutinies.
  4. D
    This shipboard rebellion was directly coordinated with Nat Turner's land-based uprising in Virginia.

Answer

Enslaved Africans actively exercised agency and resisted their captivity during the transatlantic voyage.
The correct answer is correct because the capture of the Amistad by its captives is a direct, historical example of enslaved Africans exercising agency and physical resistance to escape captivity and return to Africa.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the provided text stimulus to identify the actions of the captives.
The text describes the captives rising up, killing the captain, and seizing control of the vessel to steer it back to Africa.
This establishes that the captives took direct, active, and organized measures to regain their freedom.
2
Evaluate the options to find the historical conclusion that aligns with these active measures.
The statement regarding active agency and resistance aligns directly with the physical mutiny on the ship, while other options either deny this agency, restrict resistance to covert actions, or incorrectly link the event to unrelated land rebellions.
This confirms the correct choice that accurately describes the historical significance of shipboard rebellions.

Key Concept

Shipboard Rebellions and Middle Passage Resistance
Estimated Time:50s
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