Question

Difficulty: EasyCauses of the Great Depression

Average Price of US Wheat per Bushel, 1920–1929:

YearPrice per Bushel
1920$2.19
1923$0.92
1926$1.03
1929$1.05

Which of the following pre-existing economic weaknesses that contributed to the Great Depression is best reflected in the table?

  1. The persistent overproduction and falling prices in the agricultural sectorAnswer
  2. B
    The implementation of federal price controls that artificially drove down crop prices
  3. C
    The immediate relief provided to rural populations by New Deal agricultural subsidies
  4. D
    The complete isolation of the domestic agricultural market from global trade partners

Answer

The persistent overproduction and falling prices in the agricultural sector
The correct answer is correct because the table demonstrates a sharp drop and stagnation in wheat prices during the 1920s. This reflects the post-World War I agricultural crisis, where overproduction and falling demand left American farmers with high debts and low incomes, creating a major structural weakness in the national economy prior to the 1929 stock market crash.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the table data.
The price of wheat drops significantly from 2.19in1920to2.19 in 1920 to 0.92 in 1923, and remains low (around 1.03to1.03 to 1.05) through 1929.
This establishes the trend of depressed agricultural prices during the 1920s.
2
Connect the data to historical context of the 1920s.
During World War I, American farmers expanded production to meet European demand. Postwar recovery in Europe led to a crop surplus, causing prices to collapse.
This explains the historical cause of the low crop prices shown in the table.
3
Relate the findings to the causes of the Great Depression.
Declining farm income and heavy debt left rural Americans in a state of economic depression throughout the 1920s, weakening the overall economy before the 1929 crash.
This links the agricultural distress to the broader structural weaknesses that caused the Great Depression.

Key Concept

Agricultural overproduction and distress in the 1920s as a structural cause of the Great Depression

Practice More

Analyze a similar primary source or chart showing the expansion of consumer debt and installment buying during the 1920s to compare different domestic causes of the Great Depression.
Estimated Time:45s
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