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Difficulty: MediumThe War of 1812 and the Monroe Doctrine

“These United States of America, which we have seen arise and grow... have suddenly left a monument of their audacity... In presenting their declaration of December 2, 1823, they have dared to place themselves in opposition to the European Powers... they have cast blame and scorn on the institutions of Europe most worthy of respect... by fostering revolutions wherever they show themselves... they have cast a spell of discord over the civilized world.”

—Prince Klemens von Metternich, letter to the Russian government, 1824

Which of the following foreign policy goals of the United States in the early 1820s is Metternich criticizing in the excerpt?

  1. A
    Securing a formal diplomatic alliance with Great Britain to promote a unified Anglo-American trade monopoly
  2. Preventing European monarchies from reclaiming territory or restoring colonial rule in the Western HemisphereAnswer
  3. C
    Establishing a formal military alliance with Latin American nations to jointly conquer European Caribbean colonies
  4. D
    Acquiring new European territories to provide raw materials for northern industrial factories

Answer

Preventing European monarchies from reclaiming territory or restoring colonial rule in the Western Hemisphere
The correct answer is correct because the Monroe Doctrine, issued in December 1823, sought to prevent European powers from reclaiming control over newly independent Latin American countries or establishing new colonies in the Americas. Metternich's critique reflects the frustration of European monarchies with the U.S. attempt to limit European influence in the Western Hemisphere.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the document referenced by Metternich.
Metternich mentions a 'declaration of December 2, 1823,' which corresponds to the Monroe Doctrine.
To ground the analysis in the correct historical event.
2
Determine the core objective of the Monroe Doctrine.
The doctrine declared that the Western Hemisphere was closed to European colonization and that European intervention in Latin America would be treated as a threat.
To link Metternich's criticism of 'opposition to the European Powers' to the U.S. policy's intent.
3
Evaluate the choices to find the statement that matches this U.S. objective.
The option regarding preventing European monarchies from reclaiming territory or restoring colonial rule matches this objective.
To select the correct answer based on historical evidence.

Key Concept

The Monroe Doctrine was designed to limit European political and military influence in the Western Hemisphere.
Estimated Time:1m 0s
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Topics

The War of 1812 and the Monroe Doctrine

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