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Difficulty: EasyTechnological Innovations of the First and Second Industrial Revolutions

Unlike the First Industrial Revolution, which relied primarily on coal and steam to power machinery, the Second Industrial Revolution was characterized by the widespread adoption of which new energy sources?

  1. A
    Coal power and steam engines
  2. Electricity and petroleumAnswer
  3. C
    Water power and wood charcoal
  4. D
    Wind power and animal traction

Answer

Electricity and petroleum
The correct answer is correct because electricity and petroleum were the primary new power sources of the Second Industrial Revolution, replacing or supplementing the coal-and-steam infrastructure of the First Industrial Revolution.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the core power sources associated with the First Industrial Revolution.
The First Industrial Revolution relied on coal combustion and steam power to drive machinery and locomotives.
This establishes the baseline technology of the first phase of industrialization.
2
Identify the key power sources that emerged during the Second Industrial Revolution (roughly 1870–1914).
The Second Industrial Revolution introduced electricity (powering dynamos and generators) and petroleum (used for internal combustion engines).
This distinguishes the second phase of industrialization from the first.
3
Select the option that correctly represents the energy sources characteristic of the Second Industrial Revolution.
Electricity and petroleum are the correct pair of energy sources.
It matches the innovations of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Key Concept

Power sources of the Second Industrial Revolution
Estimated Time:45s
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Topics

Technological Innovations of the First and Second Industrial Revolutions

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