"The general diffusion of manufactures throughout a country generates a new character in its inhabitants; and as this character is formed upon a principle quite unfavorable to individual or general happiness, it will produce the most lamentable and permanent evils, unless its tendency be counteracted by legislative interference and direction."
— Robert Owen, British factory owner and social reformer, *Observations on the Effect of the Manufacturing System*, 1815
Which of the following responses to the growth of industrial capitalism is most closely aligned with the views expressed by Owen in the passage?
- AThe call for a violent proletarian revolution to overthrow the capitalist system and abolish private property
- BThe adoption of Social Darwinist policies to allow the free market to eliminate inefficient industrial enterprises
- The push for legislative reforms and state-directed intervention to mitigate the negative social effects of the factory systemAnswer
- DThe restoration of mercantilist colonial empires to secure exclusive state control over global raw materials
Answer
The push for legislative reforms and state-directed intervention to mitigate the negative social effects of the factory system
The passage shows Robert Owen advocating for 'legislative interference and direction' to counteract the 'lamentable and permanent evils' of the manufacturing system. This aligns with the reformist reaction to industrialization, which sought to address social ills and protect workers through government regulation and laws (such as factory acts and labor reform) rather than seeking to overthrow the capitalist system entirely.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Reformist reactions to industrialization, such as legislative reforms and state-guided regulations to improve social conditions.
Estimated Time:1m 0s