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Difficulty: MediumResistance to Globalization after 1900

In 2003, the local council (panchayat) of Plachimada in southern India refused to renew the operating license of a major multinational beverage corporation’s bottling plant, issuing the following statement:

"The massive extraction of groundwater by the company has caused a severe drinking water shortage in the village and surrounding areas. Our agricultural lands have become dry and barren, and the traditional livelihoods of our farmers have been disrupted. The local community holds a sovereign right over its natural resources, which must not be sacrificed for corporate profit."

Which of the following best explains how the actions of the local council in the passage represent a response to globalization after 1900?

  1. A
    They represent a rejection of the high-yield agricultural techniques introduced by the mid-twentieth-century Green Revolution.
  2. They demonstrate how local communities organized to resist the environmental and economic impact of multinational corporations.Answer
  3. C
    They show that global trade networks have resulted in the complete and uniform cultural homogenization of rural India.
  4. D
    They reflect a desire to return to mercantilist economic policies and re-establish direct colonial administration.

Answer

The actions of the local council demonstrate how local communities organized to resist the environmental and economic impact of multinational corporations.
The correct answer is correct because the council's statement directly protests the environmental degradation (groundwater depletion) and economic disruption (loss of farming livelihoods) caused by a multinational corporation, which is a key feature of late twentieth and early twenty-first-century globalization.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the stimulus passage.
The passage describes a local council in India protesting groundwater depletion and the destruction of local farming livelihoods by a multinational beverage corporation.
Identifying the core issue in the source text is necessary to connect it to historical concepts.
2
Relate the situation to the historical context of globalization after 1900.
The rapid expansion of multinational corporations and global trade networks in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries led to environmental degradation and resource conflicts, prompting local and transnational resistance movements.
This links the specific local event to the broader AP World History learning objective regarding resistance to globalization.
3
Evaluate the choices to find the one that best matches this analysis.
The option highlighting local resistance to the environmental and economic impacts of multinational corporations is correct, while the others misidentify the historical concepts.
Selecting the option that accurately explains the historical significance of the passage.

Key Concept

Resistance to globalization after 1900 through environmental and economic activism against multinational corporations.
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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Resistance to Globalization after 1900

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