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Difficulty: EasyMechanics and Motion

Match each fundamental physical law of mechanics to the statement that correctly describes it.

  • Newton's First Law of MotionAn object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion continues at constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force.
  • Newton's Second Law of MotionThe acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
  • Newton's Third Law of MotionFor every action force exerted, there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
  • Newton's Law of Universal GravitationEvery mass exerts an attractive force on every other mass that decreases with the square of the distance between them.

Answer

Newton's First Law pairs with the principle that an object maintains constant velocity unless acted on by an external net force; Newton's Second Law pairs with acceleration being proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass (F=maF = ma); Newton's Third Law pairs with equal and opposite action-reaction forces; Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation pairs with mutual mass-dependent attraction that weakens with distance squared.
Each mechanics law corresponds to its standard scientific definition: the First Law defines inertia (constant velocity without net force), the Second Law establishes the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration (F=maF = ma), the Third Law describes equal and opposite interaction forces between bodies, and the Law of Universal Gravitation defines mutual mass attraction.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the principle governing motion when the net force is zero.
This describes inertia, which is Newton's First Law.
An object resists changes to its velocity when no net force acts on it.
2
Identify the formula and relationship linking net force, mass, and acceleration.
This corresponds to F=maF = ma, which is Newton's Second Law.
Acceleration is produced when an unbalanced net force acts upon a given mass.
3
Identify the law governing force interactions between two distinct objects.
This corresponds to action-reaction pairs, which is Newton's Third Law.
Forces always act simultaneously in opposite directions on interacting bodies.
4
Identify the law describing mutual attraction between any two masses across space.
This corresponds to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.
Gravitational pull depends directly on the product of masses and inversely on distance squared.

Key Concept

Newton's Laws of Motion and Gravitation
Estimated Time:45s
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Topics

Mechanics and Motion

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