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Difficulty: MediumPlant Biology and Photosynthesis

Plant cells synthesize organic nutrients and subsequently break them down to produce metabolic energy. Which organelles are responsible for carrying out photosynthesis and cellular respiration, respectively?

  1. A
    Mitochondria for photosynthesis; chloroplasts for cellular respiration
  2. Chloroplasts for photosynthesis; mitochondria for cellular respirationAnswer
  3. C
    Chloroplasts for photosynthesis; centrioles for cellular respiration
  4. D
    Vacuoles for photosynthesis; lysosomes for cellular respiration

Answer

Chloroplasts for photosynthesis; mitochondria for cellular respiration
Chloroplasts are the specialized plant organelles that harness solar energy to synthesize glucose through photosynthesis, whereas mitochondria break down these organic molecules to produce usable energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the organelle responsible for capturing sunlight to produce carbohydrates.
Chloroplasts synthesize glucose through photosynthesis.
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll pigments and thylakoid membranes specialized for light absorption and sugar synthesis.
2
Identify the organelle responsible for breaking down stored sugars to release cellular energy.
Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Plant cells, like other eukaryotic cells, use mitochondria to oxidize carbohydrates and release energy for cellular work.

Key Concept

Plant organelle functions in photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Estimated Time:1m 0s
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Topics

Plant Biology and Photosynthesis

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