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Difficulty: EasyPneumatics and Gas Laws

Arrange the following events in the correct chronological order for the extension stroke of a basic single-acting pneumatic cylinder:

  1. 1The directional control valve is opened to release stored compressed air.
  2. 2Compressed air flows through the pneumatic lines and enters the cylinder chamber.
  3. 3Air pressure builds up inside the closed chamber against the surface of the piston.
  4. 4The piston rod extends outward, moving the attached load.

Answer

The correct sequence is: 1) The control valve is opened, 2) Air flows into the cylinder, 3) Pressure builds against the piston, 4) The piston rod extends.
The chronological sequence follows the fundamental transfer of energy in a pneumatic system. It begins with control (valve opening), followed by fluid transmission (air flowing into the cylinder), followed by energy accumulation (pressure building against the piston due to gas compressibility), and ends with mechanical work (piston extension).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the initiating control action
The control valve is opened.
A pneumatic system requires a signal or mechanical actuation to release energy from the compressor or tank.
2
Trace the path of the working fluid
Air enters the cylinder chamber.
Air moves from a region of higher pressure (supply) to lower pressure (cylinder) through the open valve.
3
Determine the physical effect inside the actuator
Pressure builds against the piston.
As air fills the confined space of the cylinder, it exerts uniform pressure on the piston face.
4
Identify the resulting mechanical output
The piston extends.
Once the force of the air pressure is greater than the opposing load and friction, the piston moves outward.

Key Concept

Pneumatic System Operation and Force Generation
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Topics

Pneumatics and Gas Laws

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