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Difficulty: HardChemical Reactions and Compounds

In emergency life-support systems, oxygen is generated through the chemical breakdown of solid sodium chlorate (NaClO3NaClO_3) into solid sodium chloride (NaClNaCl) and oxygen gas (O2O_2) according to the balanced chemical equation:

2NaClO3(s)→2NaCl(s)+3O2(g)2NaClO_3(s) \rightarrow 2NaCl(s) + 3O_2(g)

Fill in the blanks to identify the reaction type and calculate the total moles of oxygen produced.

Answer:Because a single reactant compound breaks apart to form multiple simpler products, this transformation is classified as a 【decomposition】 reaction. Furthermore, based on the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced equation, the complete reaction of 66 moles of NaClO3NaClO_3 produces 【9】 moles of O2O_2 gas.

Answer

The chemical process is classified as a decomposition reaction, and 6 moles of sodium chlorate produce 9 moles of oxygen gas.
A chemical reaction in which a single compound decomposes into two or more simpler elements or compounds is a decomposition reaction. According to the balanced equation 2NaClO3(s)→2NaCl(s)+3O2(g)2NaClO_3(s) \rightarrow 2NaCl(s) + 3O_2(g), every 22 moles of NaClO3NaClO_3 consumed produce 33 moles of O2O_2. Therefore, reacting 66 moles of NaClO3NaClO_3 yields 6×32=96 \times \frac{3}{2} = 9 moles of O2O_2.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the reactant and product patterns to determine the reaction classification.
The reaction is classified as a decomposition reaction.
A single complex reactant (NaClO3NaClO_3) breaks down into two distinct, simpler substances (NaClNaCl and O2O_2).
2
Identify the stoichiometric molar ratio between NaClO3NaClO_3 and O2O_2 from the balanced equation.
The molar ratio is 2 moles NaClO3:3 moles O22\text{ moles } NaClO_3 : 3\text{ moles } O_2.
The coefficients preceding NaClO3NaClO_3 and O2O_2 in the balanced equation are 22 and 33, respectively.
3
Calculate the moles of O2O_2 produced from 66 moles of NaClO3NaClO_3.
6 mol NaClO3×3 mol O22 mol NaClO3=9 moles of O26\text{ mol } NaClO_3 \times \frac{3\text{ mol } O_2}{2\text{ mol } NaClO_3} = 9\text{ moles of } O_2.
Multiplying the given quantity by the stoichiometric conversion factor yields the theoretical product amount.

Key Concept

Reaction classification criteria and stoichiometric molar ratio calculations from balanced chemical equations
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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Topics

Chemical Reactions and Compounds

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