Matter exhibits distinct physical properties that dictate how substances behave under mechanical stress, thermal changes, and fluid dynamics. Match each observed physical phenomenon on the left with the specific property of matter it demonstrates on the right.
- Motor oil pours noticeably slower from a container on a freezing winter morning than on a hot summer afternoon.Viscosity
- A solid ceramic tile fractures and shatters immediately when dropped onto a hard concrete surface without bending.Brittleness
- A solid lead block sinks directly to the bottom of a water tank, while a pine wooden block of the exact same volume floats.Relative density
- The metal handle of a solid aluminum frying pan warms rapidly across its entire length when the base is placed on a heat source.Thermal conductivity
Answer
The phenomenon of motor oil pouring slower when cold matches viscosity; the ceramic tile shattering upon impact matches brittleness; the lead sinking while pine of equal volume floats matches relative density; and the aluminum handle heating rapidly matches thermal conductivity.
Each physical observation correlates directly with an intrinsic property of matter: fluid resistance to pouring reflects viscosity; fracturing without plastic deformation demonstrates brittleness; sink/float behavior of equal volumes demonstrates relative density; and rate of heat transfer through a solid medium defines thermal conductivity.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Physical properties of matter describe intrinsic characteristics—such as thermal conductivity, viscosity, brittleness, and density—that can be observed and measured without altering the chemical identity of the substance.
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