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Difficulty: EasyCausal Detail Extraction

Read the following passage about automotive maintenance:

In modern automotive braking systems, regular maintenance is essential to prevent mechanical failure. When brake fluid absorbs excessive moisture over time, its boiling point drops significantly, which causes brake fade during heavy braking. Additionally, worn brake pads create direct metal-to-metal contact with the rotors, resulting in severe surface grooving and loud grinding noises. If air bubbles enter the hydraulic lines due to a loose bleeder valve, the pedal feels spongy because air compresses under pressure while fluid does not. Addressing these specific issues promptly ensures optimal stopping power.

Based on the passage, match each mechanical cause with its direct stated effect.

  • Brake fluid absorbs excessive moisture over timeBrake fade occurs due to a reduced boiling point
  • Worn brake pads create metal-to-metal contact with rotorsRotors develop severe grooving and loud grinding noises
  • Air bubbles enter the hydraulic linesThe brake pedal feels spongy under pressure

Answer

Moisture absorption in brake fluid matches with brake fade from a reduced boiling point; worn pads contacting rotors matches with rotor surface grooving and grinding noises; air bubbles entering hydraulic lines matches with a spongy brake pedal.
Each cause is directly paired with its explicitly stated consequence in the passage: moisture absorption lowers boiling point causing brake fade, worn pad contact causes rotor grooving and grinding, and air entering the lines makes the pedal spongy because air compresses under pressure.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the cause-and-effect indicators in the text for each listed item.
Found 'which causes brake fade' linked to moisture absorption, 'resulting in severe surface grooving' linked to worn pads, and 'the pedal feels spongy because air compresses' linked to air bubbles.
Explicit causal extraction requires matching the specific condition directly to the outcome signaled by causal conjunctions in the text.
2
Pair each stated cause on the left with its directly stated consequence on the right.
All three causes are accurately connected to their explicit textual results without mixing up symptoms.
Direct fact retrieval of causal details confirms each match based solely on the passage.

Key Concept

Extracting explicitly stated cause-and-effect relationships from a technical passage
Estimated Time:45s
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Topics

Causal Detail Extraction

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