Match each physical or chemical process involving matter on the left with its correct scientific classification and underlying property on the right.
- Sublimation of solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) at room temperatureEndothermic physical phase transition from solid to gas without forming new chemical bonds
- Rise of liquid mercury inside a calibrated thermometer columnPhysical change based on the intensive property of thermal expansion without changing chemical composition
- Gradual formation of a green patina on an outdoor copper surfaceChemical change involving atmospheric oxidation and the synthesis of new chemical compounds
- Fractional distillation separating hydrocarbon components from crude oilPhysical separation process that utilizes differences in boiling points, an intensive physical property
Answer
The sublimation of dry ice matches the endothermic phase transition; mercury rising in a thermometer matches the physical change driven by thermal expansion; patina formation on copper matches the chemical oxidation change; and fractional distillation matches the physical separation exploiting boiling points.
Each item is matched by determining whether the process alters the chemical identity of the substance or merely its physical state and dimensions. Sublimation of carbon dioxide is a physical phase change; mercury expansion is physical thermal expansion; fractional distillation uses boiling point differences for physical separation; and patina on copper is chemical oxidation forming new chemical compounds.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Distinguishing between physical properties and changes (phase transitions, thermal expansion, separation by boiling point) versus chemical changes (oxidation and compound formation).