Examkin

Question

Difficulty: MediumCell Structure and Function

Newly synthesized proteins must be chemically modified, sorted, and packaged into membrane-bound vesicles before being routed to their final intracellular or extracellular destinations. Which cellular organelle is responsible for this packaging and distribution process?

  1. A
    Mitochondrion
  2. B
    Chloroplast
  3. Golgi apparatusAnswer
  4. D
    Central vacuole

Answer

The Golgi apparatus is the organelle responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins into vesicles for distribution.
The Golgi apparatus functions as the post office of the cell. It receives newly synthesized proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum, adds chemical tags such as carbohydrates, sorts them, and pinches off membrane-bound vesicles to deliver them to specific locations inside the cell or outside via exocytosis.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the cellular function described in the question stem.
The process involves modifying, sorting, and packaging synthesized proteins into transport vesicles.
Matching the specific metabolic task to the correct organelle determines the correct structure.
2
Evaluate the primary functions of each listed organelle.
Mitochondria produce ATP, chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis, central vacuoles store water and waste, and the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins.
Each organelle possesses a distinct physiological role in eukaryotic cells.
3
Select the organelle corresponding to protein modification and vesicle packaging.
The Golgi apparatus is confirmed as the cellular packaging center.
It receives raw proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and tags them for their target destinations.

Key Concept

Cellular organelle specialization and protein trafficking
Estimated Time:45s
Rate this question

Topics

Cell Structure and Function

More questions from this topic