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Difficulty: MediumCell Structure and Function

A student examines an unknown biological specimen under a compound light microscope and identifies a rigid cellulose cell wall surrounding the plasma membrane, along with a prominent central vacuole. Based on these observed structures, which of the following conclusions about the specimen is correct?

  1. A
    The specimen is an animal cell that uses the outer cellulose layer for intracellular digestion.
  2. The specimen is a plant cell capable of maintaining internal turgor pressure.Answer
  3. C
    The specimen is an animal cell structured for rapid locomotion and flexible deformation.
  4. D
    The specimen is a plant cell that relies on the outer cellulose layer to carry out cellular respiration.

Answer

The specimen is a plant cell capable of maintaining internal turgor pressure.
Plant cells are uniquely characterized by the presence of a rigid outer cell wall composed of cellulose and a large central vacuole. Together, these structures enable the plant cell to absorb water and build internal hydrostatic pressure (turgor pressure) against the cell wall, providing essential structural support.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the diagnostic cellular structures described in the stem.
The specimen possesses a rigid cellulose cell wall and a large central vacuole.
Cellulose walls and large central vacuoles are defining structural features of plant cells rather than animal cells.
2
Correlate these structures with their primary physiological role.
The central vacuole stores water and exerts outward pressure against the rigid cell wall, creating turgor pressure.
Turgor pressure provides mechanical support and structural rigidity to plant tissues.

Key Concept

Distinction between plant and animal cell structures, specifically the presence and role of the cellulose cell wall and central vacuole in maintaining turgor pressure.
Estimated Time:1m 0s
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Topics

Cell Structure and Function

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