Question

Difficulty: Very hardLegislative Power (Parliament)

In the Australian system of government, the 'legislative power'—the authority to make and amend laws—is uniquely vested by the Constitution. If the Australian Government wishes to introduce a new law, which of the following describes the constitutional requirement that prevents the executive branch (the Prime Minister and Cabinet) from exercising this legislative power independently?

  1. The Constitution grants legislative power to the Federal Parliament as a whole, which is composed of the King (represented by the Governor-General), the Senate, and the House of Representatives.Answer
  2. B
    The legislative power is defined as a 'residual power' held exclusively by the state governments, meaning the Federal Cabinet can only act if it receives unanimous state approval.
  3. C
    The Constitution specifies that legislative power is only valid if a proposed law is first approved by a majority of voters in a majority of states in a national referendum.

Answer

The legislative power is vested in the Federal Parliament, which consists of the King (represented by the Governor-General), the Senate, and the House of Representatives.
The correct answer identifies the three essential components of the Federal Parliament as defined in Section 1 of the Australian Constitution. Legislative power is not held by the Government (the executive) alone, but must be exercised through the cooperation of the House of Representatives, the Senate, and the King (represented by the Governor-General).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the definition of 'legislative power' in the Australian context.
Legislative power is the authority to make and change laws.
This establishes the scope of the power being discussed.
2
Locate the source of this power within the Australian Constitution.
Section 1 of the Constitution vests this power in the Federal Parliament.
The Constitution is the supreme law that defines how power is shared and exercised.
3
Determine the composition of the Federal Parliament.
The Parliament consists of three distinct parts: the King (represented by the Governor-General), the Senate, and the House of Representatives.
Understanding the components is essential to knowing how the power is validly exercised.
4
Evaluate why the executive branch (Cabinet) cannot act alone.
Because the power belongs to the whole Parliament, a law must be passed by both the Senate and the House of Representatives and receive Royal Assent from the Governor-General.
This confirms the constitutional limit on the executive branch regarding law-making.

Key Concept

The composition and vesting of Federal Legislative Power

Hints

1
Think about the three parts that make up the Federal Parliament in the Australian system.

Practice More

Review the 'Separation of Powers' to understand how the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches interact.
Estimated Time:2m 0s
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