Question

Difficulty: MediumFederation of 1901 and the Commonwealth

On January 1, 19011901, the separate British colonies in Australia united to form a single nation under the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act. What happened to the status of these colonies as a result of this union?

  1. They became the states of the Commonwealth of Australia.Answer
  2. B
    They were dissolved to create one single territory without local governments.
  3. C
    They remained separate British colonies but shared a common defense force.

Answer

The colonies became the states of the Commonwealth of Australia.
The correct answer is that the colonies became the states of the Commonwealth of Australia. Federation was the process where the six separate colonies (New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia, South Australia, and Tasmania) agreed to unite under a central government while maintaining their own regional identities as states.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the historical context of Australia before 19011901.
Australia consisted of six separate, self-governing British colonies.
Understanding the starting point is necessary to see the change that occurred.
2
Analyze the impact of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act.
The act allowed the colonies to unite as one nation on January 1, 19011901.
This act provided the legal framework for Federation.
3
Determine the new status of the regional entities within the new nation.
The former colonies were recognized as states within the federal structure.
Federation created a 'Commonwealth' which is a union of states.

Key Concept

The process of Federation in 19011901 transformed separate British colonies into the states of a single nation, the Commonwealth of Australia.

Hints

1
Consider what the word 'Federation' implies about the relationship between a central authority and its parts.
2
Think about whether Australia today has a single government or if it also has state governments like those in Queensland or Victoria.
3
Before 19011901, they were called colonies. After 19011901, the same geographic areas needed a new name within the nation.

Practice More

Review the reasons why the colonies decided to federate, such as defense, trade, and immigration.
Estimated Time:45s
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