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Difficulty: MediumIdentify design principles of the AWS Cloud

An enterprise retail organization is migrating its online checkout application to the AWS Cloud. To ensure that the application remains available even during a localized physical data center outage, the cloud engineer deploys Amazon EC2 instances across two different Availability Zones and configures an Application Load Balancer to route traffic. Additionally, they deploy Amazon RDS in a Multi-AZ configuration to automate database failover. Which AWS Cloud design principle is directly demonstrated by this implementation?

  1. A
    Dynamic elasticity through vertical scaling
  2. Design for failureAnswer
  3. C
    Decoupling components using a monolithic design
  4. D
    Shared responsibility for physical infrastructure security

Answer

Design for failure
The correct answer is design for failure. AWS infrastructure is distributed globally across regions and Availability Zones. The 'design for failure' principle guides cloud architects to assume that components (like instances, disks, or even entire data centers) will eventually fail. Deploying resources across multiple Availability Zones and configuring database failover automatically shifts traffic to running nodes when a disruption occurs, implementing this design principle in practice.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the architectural changes in the scenario.
The application deploys virtual machines (EC2 instances) across multiple Availability Zones with a load balancer and uses Multi-AZ database replication with automated failover.
This establishes that the design is specifically planning for the potential loss of an entire physical data center (Availability Zone) and automating the recovery process.
2
Evaluate the architectural changes against the core AWS design principles.
Planning for components to fail and establishing automatic recovery paths aligns directly with the 'design for failure' principle.
Designing for failure means assuming everything will eventually fail, prompting architects to build redundancy and automated self-healing mechanisms into the system.

Key Concept

AWS Cloud Design Principles: Design for Failure
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Identify design principles of the AWS Cloud

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