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Difficulty: HardAWS Global Infrastructure

A financial technology company is designing a disaster-tolerant transactional application in a specific geographic country to comply with strict local data sovereignty laws. The system requires synchronous replication between two database nodes to prevent any data loss (zero RPO). The nodes must be physically isolated from one another to survive localized environmental hazards, yet remain close enough to maintain a round-trip network latency of under 2 milliseconds. Which of the following deployment strategies best meets these requirements?

  1. A
    Deploy the primary database node in an AWS Region within the target country, and the secondary node in a separate AWS Region in an adjacent country.
  2. B
    Deploy the database in a single Availability Zone and configure AWS Elastic Beanstalk to manage the real-time physical replication across different geographic locations.
  3. Deploy the primary database node in one Availability Zone and the secondary database node in a different Availability Zone within the same AWS Region.Answer
  4. D
    Deploy the database nodes in a single data center within one Availability Zone, utilizing Amazon S3 replication to ensure sub-millisecond data synchronization.

Answer

Deploy the primary database node in one Availability Zone and the secondary database node in a different Availability Zone within the same AWS Region.
Deploying the primary and secondary database nodes in different Availability Zones (AZs) within the same AWS Region is the correct strategy. AZs are physically distinct locations with independent power, cooling, and network connectivity, which protects against localized disasters. At the same time, they are connected to each other via low-latency, high-bandwidth private fiber-optic networks, allowing for synchronous replication with round-trip latencies under 2 milliseconds. Since both AZs are within the same Region, data remains within the target country, satisfying data sovereignty requirements.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the latency and replication requirements.
The application requires synchronous replication with a round-trip network latency of under 2 milliseconds, which rules out multi-region setups since physical distance increases latency.
To understand the physical limits of network speed and replication.
2
Evaluate the disaster tolerance and data sovereignty requirements.
The database nodes must be physically separated to survive localized disasters but reside within the same country to comply with sovereignty laws.
To narrow down the hosting infrastructure options within the same geographic boundary.
3
Map the requirements to AWS Global Infrastructure components.
Availability Zones (AZs) within a single AWS Region are physically isolated but connected by low-latency, redundant fiber networks, making them the only solution that satisfies physical separation, sub-2ms latency, and regional data residency.
To choose the correct architectural component that satisfies all constraints.

Key Concept

AWS Availability Zones provide physical isolation and low-latency connectivity within a Region to enable high availability and disaster tolerance.
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AWS Global Infrastructure

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