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Difficulty: HardResilient Database Configurations and High Availability

An international logistics company uses a critical PostgreSQL-compatible transactional database on AWS. The application demands high availability within its primary AWS Region (eu−west−1eu-west-1) with a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of less than 60 seconds60\text{ seconds} and a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 00 (no data loss) in the event of an Availability Zone outage. Additionally, the company requires a cross-region disaster recovery (DR) architecture in eu−central−1eu-central-1 that supports an RPO of less than 5 seconds5\text{ seconds} and an RTO of less than 15 minutes15\text{ minutes}. Which combination of database configurations will satisfy these requirements? (Select TWO.)

  1. Deploy an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster with the primary writer instance in one Availability Zone and a reader instance in a different Availability Zone within the primary Region.Answer
  2. Create an Amazon Aurora Global Database and add a secondary DB cluster in the disaster recovery Region.Answer
  3. C
    Deploy a single-node Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL instance with a cross-region read replica in the secondary Region and use AWS Lambda to manage failover.
  4. D
    Use AWS Backup to take hourly database snapshots, replicate them to the secondary Region, and deploy automated restore scripts.
  5. E
    Configure Route 53 with latency-based routing to distribute database write traffic across active-active database instances in both Regions.

Answer

Deploying an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster with writer and reader instances across different Availability Zones in the primary Region, and creating an Amazon Aurora Global Database with a secondary DB cluster in the disaster recovery Region.
The correct architecture combines an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster deployed across multiple Availability Zones in the primary Region (to achieve an RTO of less than 60 seconds and an RPO of 0 through automatic failover to a reader instance) with an Amazon Aurora Global Database secondary cluster (to achieve an RPO of less than 5 seconds and an RTO of less than 15 minutes through physical storage-level replication and managed failover).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the high availability (HA) requirements in the primary Region.
The RTO must be less than 60 seconds and the RPO must be 0.
An Aurora DB cluster with a reader instance in a different Availability Zone supports automatic failover in less than 30 seconds with 0 data loss due to Aurora's shared storage architecture.
2
Analyze the cross-region disaster recovery (DR) requirements.
The RPO must be less than 5 seconds and the RTO must be less than 15 minutes.
Amazon Aurora Global Databases replicate data at the physical storage layer with typical replication lag under 1 second and support managed failovers in under 1 minute.
3
Evaluate the architectural options against these combined requirements.
Deploying Aurora Multi-AZ with a reader instance and configuring an Aurora Global Database secondary cluster satisfies all parameters, whereas backups, single-node configurations, and DNS-level routing do not meet the RTO/RPO limits or multi-region database capabilities.

Key Concept

High availability is achieved locally using Multi-AZ deployments with synchronous replication (or shared storage architectures), whereas cross-region disaster recovery with low RPO/RTO requires low-latency asynchronous physical replication such as Amazon Aurora Global Databases.
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Topics

Resilient Database Configurations and High Availability

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