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Difficulty: MediumResilient and Highly Available Storage Infrastructure

An enterprise document management SaaS provider stores customer contract PDFs in an Amazon S3 bucket. The business requirements specify that:

- Files must be highly available and resilient against a single Availability Zone (AZ) failure, with a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of less than 11 minute.
- Any files deleted or modified must be recoverable immediately.
- For disaster recovery, a copy of the contracts must be replicated to a secondary AWS Region with an RTO of less than 1515 minutes and a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of less than 1515 minutes.
- Contracts are highly active for the first 4545 days and must be transitioned to a cheaper storage class afterward, while remaining instantly accessible.

Which combination of actions should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

  1. Enable Amazon S3 Versioning on the bucket and configure Amazon S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) with S3 Replication Time Control (S3 RTC) enabled to the secondary Region.Answer
  2. Configure an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition objects from Amazon S3 Standard to Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 4545 days.Answer
  3. C
    Configure an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition objects to Amazon S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval after 4545 days, using Standard retrievals to meet recovery objectives in the secondary Region.
  4. D
    Provision Amazon EBS volumes attached to EC2 instances using Multi-Attach, and configure secondary Region replication using automated hourly EBS snapshots.
  5. E
    Deploy Amazon RDS read replicas in the secondary Region to replicate storage blocks synchronously and manage failover coordinates.

Answer

Enable Amazon S3 Versioning on the bucket, configure Amazon S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) with S3 Replication Time Control (S3 RTC) enabled to the secondary Region, and configure an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition objects from Amazon S3 Standard to Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 45 days.
The solution requires a combination of Amazon S3 Versioning, S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) with Replication Time Control (S3 RTC), and S3 Standard-IA lifecycle transition. S3 Versioning ensures that any overwrite or deletion can be immediately rolled back, fulfilling the immediate recovery requirement. S3 RTC guarantees that 99.9% of new uploads are replicated to the secondary Region within 15 minutes, satisfying the disaster recovery RPO and RTO. Transitioning objects to S3 Standard-IA after 45 days is optimal because S3 Standard-IA stores data redundantly across multiple Availability Zones (maintaining high availability and sub-minute RTO) and supports millisecond retrieval times (instant access) while saving cost.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Select a mechanism for immediate file recovery.
Amazon S3 Versioning is enabled to store multiple versions of objects, allowing instant recovery of deleted or overwritten documents.
This directly satisfies the requirement that deleted or modified files must be recoverable immediately.
2
Select a replication mechanism that meets the disaster recovery constraints.
Amazon S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) with S3 Replication Time Control (S3 RTC) is selected.
S3 RTC guarantees replication of 99.9% of objects within 15 minutes, fulfilling the secondary Region's RPO/RTO constraints of under 15 minutes.
3
Determine the appropriate cost-effective storage tier transition.
A lifecycle policy transitions files to Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 45 days.
S3 Standard-IA maintains multi-AZ resilience and provides millisecond (instantaneous) retrieval times, keeping files available under the 1-minute RTO, while reducing cost after the active 45-day period.

Key Concept

Designing a resilient, multi-AZ and multi-region storage architecture using Amazon S3 features including versioning, lifecycle transitions to Standard-IA, and Replication Time Control (S3 RTC).
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Topics

Resilient and Highly Available Storage Infrastructure

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