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Difficulty: MediumOptimizing Network Performance and Latency

A media processing company hosts a video rendering application across two VPCs in the us-west-2 Region. The rendering nodes in VPC A need to transfer large, uncompressed media files to a storage caching cluster in VPC B. Both sets of EC2 instances are located within the same Availability Zone (us-west-2a). Currently, the VPCs are connected via an AWS Transit Gateway, but the transfer times are high and network latency is inconsistent. The company needs to optimize the network path to maximize throughput and minimize latency between these systems.

Which two actions should the Solutions Architect take to achieve this?

  1. Establish a VPC peering connection between VPC A and VPC B, and update the VPC route tables to route traffic directly through the peering connection.Answer
  2. Launch the rendering nodes and caching cluster instances in a cluster placement group, and configure the operating systems to use Jumbo Frames (90019001 MTU).Answer
  3. C
    Configure an AWS Transit Gateway Connect attachment with GRE tunnels between the VPCs to scale the network bandwidth dynamically.
  4. D
    Associate a single Route 53 Private Hosted Zone with both VPCs and configure latency-based routing policies for the internal DNS endpoints.
  5. E
    Deploy NAT Gateways in us-west-2a for both VPCs and configure the route tables to direct inter-VPC traffic through the NAT Gateways.

Answer

Establish a VPC peering connection between the VPCs to route traffic directly, and launch the instances within a cluster placement group utilizing Jumbo Frames (90019001 MTU).
Establishing a VPC peering connection allows direct IP routing between the instances in the two VPCs, bypassing the Transit Gateway transit hop, thereby lowering latency. Placing the EC2 instances in a cluster placement group ensures they are physically close to each other on the hardware level, minimizing network latency. Configuring Jumbo Frames (90019001 MTU) allows the instances to send larger packets, reducing CPU processing overhead per byte transferred and maximizing network throughput.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the network topology and identify the performance bottleneck.
The current path through AWS Transit Gateway introduces an extra routing hop and potential bandwidth caps for high-throughput, low-latency traffic within the same Availability Zone.
Identifying the overhead of Transit Gateway for same-region, same-AZ traffic helps determine the need for a direct peering path.
2
Select a direct network path to bypass the Transit Gateway hop.
VPC peering is selected because it enables direct routing on the AWS network fabric without bandwidth limits or extra hops.
Bypassing Transit Gateway via VPC peering reduces inter-VPC latency and removes processing overhead.
3
Configure instance placement and packet size parameters.
Instances are launched in a cluster placement group within the same Availability Zone, and Jumbo Frames (90019001 MTU) are configured.
Cluster placement groups minimize physical distance between nodes for low latency, while Jumbo Frames reduce packet processing overhead to maximize throughput.

Key Concept

Bypassing routing hops (like Transit Gateway) using VPC Peering and leveraging cluster placement groups with Jumbo Frames (90019001 MTU) optimizes network performance and latency for intensive workloads within the same Availability Zone.
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Topics

Optimizing Network Performance and Latency