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Difficulty: HardManaging Storage and Data Transfer Costs

An organization runs a daily batch analytics workload on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets across three Availability Zones in the `eu-west-1` Region. The workload downloads a static 40 TB40\text{ TB} reference dataset every day from a central Amazon S3 bucket in the `us-east-1` Region. The dataset is updated only once per month. The instances also write 15 TB15\text{ TB} of logs daily to an S3 bucket in the `eu-west-1` Region. Currently, all outbound traffic to S3 is routed through NAT Gateways in the VPC. The monthly bill shows high NAT Gateway data processing and cross-Region data transfer charges.

Which TWO actions should a Solutions Architect recommend to optimize these costs?

  1. Configure an S3 Gateway Endpoint in the VPC and associate it with the route tables of the private subnets.Answer
  2. Configure Amazon S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) to replicate the dataset from the us-east-1 bucket to a new S3 bucket in the eu-west-1 Region, and update the workload to read from the local bucket.Answer
  3. C
    Deploy S3 Interface Endpoints (AWS PrivateLink) in each Availability Zone within the VPC, and update the route tables to route S3 traffic through these endpoints.
  4. D
    Establish an AWS Direct Connect connection with a public virtual interface (VIF) to route S3 traffic directly from the VPC to Amazon S3 over a private network path.
  5. E
    Set up a VPC Peering connection between the VPC in eu-west-1 and a new VPC in us-east-1 containing an S3 Gateway Endpoint, and route S3 traffic through the peering connection.

Answer

Configure an S3 Gateway Endpoint in the VPC and associate it with the route tables of the private subnets, and configure Amazon S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) to replicate the dataset from the `us-east-1` bucket to a new S3 bucket in the `eu-west-1` Region, updating the workload to read from the local bucket.
To eliminate the NAT Gateway data processing charges for writing logs to the local S3 bucket, creating an S3 Gateway Endpoint in the VPC and associating it with the private route tables is the most cost-effective approach since S3 Gateway Endpoints are free. To eliminate the daily cross-Region data transfer costs of downloading a static 40 TB40\text{ TB} dataset from the `us-east-1` region, replicating it once to the local `eu-west-1` region using Amazon S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) allows the EC2 instances to perform local reads via the Gateway Endpoint, avoiding recurring cross-Region charges.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the current data transfer pathways and costs.
Identify that downloading 40 TB40\text{ TB} daily from `us-east-1` to `eu-west-1` incurs substantial cross-Region data transfer fees (0.02 USD0.02\text{ USD} per GB), and uploading 15 TB15\text{ TB} daily through NAT Gateways incurs high NAT Gateway data processing charges (0.045 USD0.045\text{ USD} per GB).
This establishes the baseline of where the high costs are originating.
2
Optimize regional data transfer and processing costs for local uploads.
Associate an Amazon S3 Gateway Endpoint with the private route tables in `eu-west-1`.
Gateway Endpoints provide free, direct access to S3 within the same region, bypassing the NAT Gateways and completely eliminating the 0.045 USD0.045\text{ USD} per GB data processing fee.
3
Optimize cross-Region data transfer for the reference dataset.
Configure S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) to replicate the static 40 TB40\text{ TB} dataset once per month (when updated) to an S3 bucket in `eu-west-1`.
This limits the cross-Region data transfer charge to a one-time monthly replication sync of 40 TB40\text{ TB} instead of a daily download of 40 TB40\text{ TB} (1,200 TB1,200\text{ TB} monthly), resulting in massive cost savings.

Key Concept

Managing Storage and Data Transfer Costs using S3 Gateway Endpoints and Cross-Region Replication
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Topics

Managing Storage and Data Transfer Costs