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Difficulty: MediumHigh Availability and Disaster Recovery Design

A media broadcasting company is designing a disaster recovery and high availability solution for its new live news video metadata catalog API. The primary infrastructure is located in the us-west-2 Region, and the secondary disaster recovery site is in the us-east-1 Region. The system uses Amazon ECS tasks in private subnets for compute, which must communicate with external licensing APIs on the internet. The backend database uses Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The business requires a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 30 minutes and a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 5 minutes.

Which two of the following configuration options should the Solutions Architect include in the design to meet the RTO, RPO, and high availability requirements?

  1. Configure Amazon Aurora Global Database with the primary DB cluster in us-west-2 and a read-only secondary DB cluster in us-east-1.Answer
  2. Deploy a NAT Gateway in each Availability Zone within the public subnets of each Region, ensuring that private subnet route tables direct internet-bound traffic to their local NAT Gateway.Answer
  3. C
    Deploy a single NAT Gateway in one Availability Zone in the primary Region, routing internet-bound traffic from all private subnets across all zones through this single NAT Gateway.
  4. D
    Implement a Backup and Restore strategy by taking hourly snapshots of the Aurora database, copying them to us-east-1, and restoring the cluster only when a failover is initiated.
  5. E
    Create a Route 53 Private Hosted Zone to manage public routing between the primary and secondary regions, associating the hosted zone only with the VPC in the primary Region.

Answer

Configure Amazon Aurora Global Database with the primary DB cluster in us-west-2 and a read-only secondary DB cluster in us-east-1, and deploy a NAT Gateway in each Availability Zone within the public subnets of each Region.
The correct options ensure the replication and availability constraints are met. Amazon Aurora Global Database satisfies the 5-minute RPO and 30-minute RTO by utilizing sub-second replication. Deploying NAT Gateways redundantly in each Availability Zone avoids a single point of failure for egress traffic.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the database replication strategy against RTO and RPO constraints.
Amazon Aurora Global Database provides sub-second replication lag (RPO < 1 second) and can be promoted to a primary cluster in minutes (RTO < 30 minutes), satisfying the target metrics.
Traditional backup and restore fails both the 5-minute RPO and 30-minute RTO requirements.
2
Assess the high availability of the network outbound paths.
Deploying local, zone-redundant NAT Gateways in each Region ensures that an Availability Zone outage does not disrupt outbound connectivity to external licensing APIs.
A single NAT Gateway across multiple Availability Zones introduces a single point of failure.
3
Verify public routing capability.
Discard the use of Private Hosted Zones for public DNS resolution as they are internal-only and cannot resolve public internet client queries.
Public client endpoints must use public DNS routing configurations.

Key Concept

High Availability and Disaster Recovery Design
Estimated Time:2m 0s
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High Availability and Disaster Recovery Design

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