All practice questions

An online food delivery service is designing a real-time driver tracking system on Azure. The system will ingest GPS coordinates every 5 seconds from 50,000 drivers. The solution must support sub-10ms write latency, distribute write operations evenly to prevent performance degradation, and remain available in the event of a regional datacenter outage. The primary query will retrieve the latest coordinates for a specific active trip using its unique trip identifier (a high-cardinality GUID). Which configuration should you recommend?

A gaming company is designing an analytical data platform to analyze multiplayer match telemetry logs. The solution must meet the following requirements:
- Volume: 500 GB of telemetry data is generated daily.
- Ingestion: Logs are uploaded as Parquet files to Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 (ADLS Gen2) every 6 hours.
- Query Latency: Analysts run ad-hoc exploratory queries that must return results within 2 minutes.
- Cost: The compute solution must not incur charges when no queries are running.
- Resiliency: The storage solution must survive a primary datacenter outage.

Which design should you recommend?

An Azure Solutions Architect is designing the database tier for a global e-commerce shopping cart service. The system must support millions of concurrent users globally, demanding write and read latencies under $10\text{ ms}$ for $99\%$ of requests. The workload is read-heavy with a 70:30 read-to-write ratio. The architect must ensure a $99.999\%$ availability SLA for both read and write operations, and the database must survive a regional outage with a recovery point objective (RPO) of less than 5 minutes.

Which two configuration options should you select to meet these requirements?

An educational technology company is designing a data integration and analytics platform to process student learning platform telemetry. The platform must meet the following requirements:
- Store and analyze 12 TB of historical student activity logs currently formatted as Parquet files.
- Ingest new telemetry logs as Parquet files at a rate of 15 GB per hour.
- Support ad-hoc exploratory queries using standard T-SQL with a target latency of under 10 seconds.
- Maintain data availability even in the event of a primary Azure region failure.
- Minimize administrative and compute costs associated with the ad-hoc queries.
- Provide secure access to external research partners that can be easily revoked.

Which two actions should you recommend?

A logistics company is designing an Azure-based telemetry and media capture solution for a global fleet of $50,000$ delivery vehicles. Each vehicle uploads a JSON telemetry packet and a small dashcam image every $10$ seconds. The solution must support write-heavy ingestion scalability with sub-$10\text{ ms}$ database latencies, survive regional datacenter outages, and allow secure, temporary access to the dashcam images stored in Azure Blob Storage. Which configuration should you recommend for the storage architecture?

A logistics company is designing an analytical data solution to review daily shipping routes and delivery anomalies. Approximately $50\text{ GB}$ of delivery log files in JSON format are uploaded hourly to an Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 account. Data analysts need to run ad-hoc exploratory SQL queries on the raw JSON data to inspect specific routes. The solution must minimize provisioning and administrative overhead, and ensure compute resources are charged only when queries are executed. Which Azure service should you recommend in the design?

An online streaming media platform needs to analyze user engagement metrics collected from smart TV applications. The platform logs are continuously ingested into Azure Data Lake Storage (ADLS) Gen2 in Parquet format. Analysts need to run ad-hoc exploratory queries to investigate user behavior patterns over the past 24 hours. The platform must minimize operational overhead and avoid paying for idle compute resources, as these ad-hoc queries are unpredictable and infrequent. Which analytical query solution should you recommend to meet these requirements?

A company is designing a global booking application for hotel reservations. The application must support:
- Sub-10ms read and write response times for users worldwide.
- High-throughput write ingestion of reservation records.
- Resilience against regional outages without requiring manual failover.
- Queries that primarily retrieve individual booking details using a unique booking ID, and secondary queries that list all bookings by hotel.

You need to design the Azure Cosmos DB NoSQL solution. Which two configurations should you recommend to meet the requirements?

An organization is modernizing its application portfolio and migrating its data tier to Azure Cosmos DB. You need to recommend the appropriate Azure Cosmos DB API for each application workload based on their technical requirements. Match the application workloads on the left to the correct Azure Cosmos DB APIs on the right.

An insurance company is designing an analytical data platform to query historical claims data. The platform must ingest transaction data at a rate of $200\text{ GB}$ per day, resulting in a volume of $6\text{ TB}$ of Parquet files monthly. Data analysts will run ad-hoc, exploratory SQL queries against these files with unpredictable frequency and require a query latency of under one minute. The solution must minimize operational and compute costs when no queries are running. Additionally, the data storage must survive a complete regional datacenter outage. Which two configurations should you recommend in the design? (Select two.)

A company is designing a data storage and retention strategy for two datasets stored in an Azure Storage account. The account must be designed to survive a primary datacenter outage and maintain regional disaster resilience. The datasets have the following requirements:

* Active Queries: These blobs are accessed frequently for the first $10$ days, followed by occasional access for the next $35$ days during which sub-second retrieval latency is required. The blobs must be deleted after a total of $45$ days.
* Audit Logs: These blobs are accessed occasionally for the first $30$ days during which sub-second retrieval latency is required. They must be retained for a total of $365$ days for compliance, after which they can be deleted. A retrieval latency of up to $15$ hours is acceptable after the initial $30$ days.

You need to select the storage account redundancy and lifecycle policy configuration that minimizes costs while meeting all requirements without incurring early deletion charges.

Which solution should you recommend?

An organization is designing a globally distributed IoT stream processing application that will ingest telemetry data from $100,000$ smart grid sensors deployed across two geographic regions. The workload is write-heavy, generating over $50,000$ writes per second. You need to design an Azure Cosmos DB for NoSQL solution that ensures write scalability, prevents hot partitions, and maintains high availability even during a regional outage. Which configuration should you recommend?

An organization is designing a fleet management system using Azure Cosmos DB for NoSQL to store telemetry data from $2,000,000$ active delivery vehicles. Each vehicle uploads a status message containing `VehicleId`, `CurrentStatus` (which can be 'Active', 'Idle', or 'Maintenance'), and `Timestamp` every $60$ seconds. The database must sustain high-throughput write operations and handle queries that retrieve the telemetry history for a specific vehicle. Additionally, the database must remain available for reads even during a regional outage. Which design configuration should you recommend?

A logistics company is designing an Azure storage solution for a fleet tracking application. The application will store telemetry data as block blobs in a General Purpose v2 (GPv2) storage account. The solution must meet the following requirements:

* The storage must survive the failure of an entire availability zone in the primary region without data loss or downtime.
* The data must be replicated to a paired secondary region to protect against a regional disaster.

Which two redundancy options meet these requirements?

A financial services company is designing an analytical data platform to audit daily credit card transactions. The platform must store $15\text{ TB}$ of historical records and ingest new batch transaction data at a rate of $250\text{ GB}$ of CSV files nightly. Data analysts need to run ad-hoc exploratory SQL queries on the raw files with sub-minute query latency. The storage solution must remain available even during a complete regional datacenter outage. You need to minimize operational overhead and avoid paying for idle compute resources. Which two components should you include in the analytical storage and query design?

A pharmaceutical research company is designing a storage solution for clinical trial data using Azure Blob Storage. The data is stored in a General Purpose v2 (GPv2) storage account. The solution must satisfy the following requirements:

* The primary storage must survive the failure of an entire availability zone within the primary region without any downtime or data loss.
* In the event of a complete primary region failure, read operations must continue from a secondary region with a minimal recovery time objective (RTO), without waiting for a failover to be initiated.

Which storage redundancy option should you recommend?

A utility provider is designing an analytical solution to monitor power grid telemetry. The solution must process daily load profile data stored as Apache Parquet files in Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2. Data analysts need to run ad-hoc, exploratory queries across these files to identify consumption anomalies. The solution must minimize administrative overhead, avoid persistent compute costs, and ensure that the analytical and underlying storage components survive a primary datacenter outage within the region. Which configuration should you recommend?

An agricultural technology company hosts an IoT crop telemetry application on Azure virtual machines in the West US 2 region. The application architecture consists of:

- `vm-app01`: An application tier virtual machine with a total write churn of $4\text{ MB/s}$ on a single disk.
- `vm-db01`: A SQL Server database tier virtual machine with a database data disk experiencing a write churn of $12\text{ MB/s}$ and a transaction log disk experiencing a continuous write churn of $32\text{ MB/s}$.

You need to design a disaster recovery (DR) solution to the East US region that meets the following requirements:
- A Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of $1\text{ hour}$ for the entire application.
- A Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of less than $10\text{ seconds}$ for the database tier.
- Minimize replication costs and administrative complexity.

Which disaster recovery strategy should you recommend?

A retail company hosts a customer order processing system on Azure virtual machines in the East US region. The disaster recovery (DR) solution must replicate workloads to the West US region. The application architecture consists of:

- `vm-orderapp`: An application server with an OS disk and a data disk (both Premium SSD v1). The data disk experiences a write churn rate of $12\text{ MB/s}$.
- `vm-orderdb`: A SQL Server database server with an OS disk and a data disk (both Premium SSD v1). The database transaction log data disk experiences a continuous write churn rate of $62\text{ MB/s}$.

The company requires a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of $2\text{ hours}$ for the application tier and $10\text{ seconds}$ for the database tier, with a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of $1\text{ hour}$ for the entire solution.

Which two actions should you include in the disaster recovery design? (Select TWO.)

A healthcare analytics company is designing the Azure compute and storage infrastructure for a new real-time patient health tracking application. The architecture must satisfy the following requirements:
- The analytics engine runs steady-state, 24/7, and processes highly sensitive health records. It must protect data in use via hardware-based memory encryption.
- The compute layer must automatically scale out to handle peak loads.
- The compute infrastructure must achieve a 99.99% availability Service Level Agreement (SLA).
- The database engine stores transaction logs that require high IOPS and sub-millisecond write latency.

Which virtual machine configuration and storage architecture should you recommend?