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Difficulty: EasySoftware-Defined Architectures: Overlay, Underlay, and Fabric

An network administrator is analyzing an enterprise software-defined fabric deployment. Which two protocols operate within the overlay network to handle data plane frame encapsulation and control plane endpoint mapping? (Select two.)

  1. VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN)Answer
  2. LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)Answer
  3. C
    OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
  4. D
    IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System)
  5. E
    STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)

Answer

VXLAN and LISP operate within the overlay layer of a software-defined fabric. VXLAN provides data plane encapsulation (MAC-in-UDP), while LISP provides control plane address mapping (EID to RLOC).
VXLAN and LISP are overlay protocols. VXLAN performs data plane encapsulation by wrapping Layer 2 Ethernet frames inside Layer 3 UDP headers to cross the fabric. LISP operates as an overlay control plane protocol by maintaining a database mapping Endpoint Identifiers (EIDs) to Routing Locators (RLOCs).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Distinguish between overlay protocol functions and underlay transport protocol functions.
The overlay requires encapsulation protocols for tunnel transport and tracking mechanisms for virtual endpoint locations.
Overlay networks run logically on top of the physical underlay infrastructure to abstract host locations.
2
Identify protocols specific to overlay encapsulation and control plane mapping.
VXLAN handles frame encapsulation and LISP handles endpoint identifier mapping. OSPF and IS-IS belong to the underlay layer, while STP is a traditional Layer 2 protocol.
Underlay protocols strictly provide IP connectivity for physical loopback addresses used by tunnel endpoints.

Key Concept

Overlay vs. Underlay Protocol Roles in Software-Defined Networking
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Topics

Software-Defined Architectures: Overlay, Underlay, and Fabric

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