Question

Difficulty: HardNTP Client and Server Operations and Configuration

An enterprise router is configured with the command `ntp master 4` and has an active server association configured via `ntp server 10.20.30.5` (which is a Stratum 2 reference source). The command `show ntp status` indicates that the clock is currently synchronized to 10.20.30.5. Which TWO statements accurately describe the NTP operational behavior and stratum hierarchy in this deployment? (Select two.)

  1. The router functions at Stratum 3 because it dynamically calculates its stratum level by incrementing the Stratum 2 source's level by 1 while synchronized.Answer
  2. If connectivity to 10.20.30.5 is lost and all external NTP references become unreachable, the router will fall back to serving time at Stratum 4.Answer
  3. C
    The router adds its configured `ntp master 4` value to the upstream server's Stratum 2 value, advertising Stratum 6 to downstream clients.
  4. D
    Configuring `ntp master 4` overrides external NTP server associations, forcing the router to ignore 10.20.30.5 and synchronize exclusively to its local clock.

Answer

The router functions at Stratum 3 by incrementing the external Stratum 2 source by 1, and if the external source becomes unreachable, the router falls back to operating at Stratum 4 using its internal clock.
When a router is actively synchronized to an external Stratum 2 NTP server, its operational stratum level becomes Stratum 3 (upstream stratum + 1). The configured `ntp master 4` command acts as a fallback mechanism; if external synchronization is lost, the router maintains NTP server capability by serving time to downstream clients at Stratum 4.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the active NTP synchronization state
The router is actively synchronized to 10.20.30.5, which operates at Stratum 2.
When synchronized to an active NTP server, a router dynamically calculates its stratum by adding 1 to the upstream server's stratum level (2+1=32 + 1 = 3).
2
Evaluate the fallback mechanism of the `ntp master` command
The `ntp master 4` command serves as a secondary/fallback source.
While synchronized to a valid external reference, the local NTP master logic remains dormant. If all external sources fail, the router defaults to using its system clock as a Stratum 4 source for downstream devices.

Key Concept

NTP Stratum Calculation and Master Fallback Operation
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