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Difficulty: EasyFirst Hop Redundancy Protocols (HSRP and VRRP)

Place the Cisco Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) router states in the correct sequential order from interface initialization to the state where the router assumes primary packet forwarding for the virtual gateway.

  1. 1Initial State
  2. 2Listen State
  3. 3Speak State
  4. 4Standby State
  5. 5Active State

Answer

The correct sequential order of HSRP router states is: Initial State, Listen State, Speak State, Standby State, and Active State.
When HSRP is enabled on an interface, the router progresses systematically through five main states: Initial (interface up), Listen (receives Hello packets to learn virtual IP and detect peers), Speak (transmits periodic Hello packets to enter active/standby election), Standby (elected backup router), and finally Active (elected primary gateway responsible for handling virtual IP traffic).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the state representing initial interface bring-up
Initial State is the starting point before any HSRP communication begins.
HSRP process initiates when the underlying Layer 3 interface comes up.
2
Identify the state where the router observes existing HSRP peers without transmitting
Listen State follows Initial State.
The router must first hear if active or standby routers already exist on the segment.
3
Determine when the router starts transmitting Hello packets to join the election
Speak State follows Listen State.
The router sends Hello packets to announce its presence and participate in role selection.
4
Identify the interim role prior to becoming the primary forwarder
Standby State follows Speak State.
The router acts as the designated backup router before assuming the active role if election parameters permit.
5
Identify the final operational state responsible for forwarding virtual IP traffic
Active State is the final state.
The elected active router answers ARP requests for the virtual IP and forwards user traffic.

Key Concept

HSRP State Machine Transitions
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Topics

First Hop Redundancy Protocols (HSRP and VRRP)

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