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Difficulty: MediumVirtualization Fundamentals

An engineer is comparing the operational characteristics of virtual switches (vSwitches) operating inside a Type 1 hypervisor architecture with standard physical Layer 2 switches. Which two operational statements regarding internal vSwitch behavior are correct?

  1. A vSwitch maintains a MAC address table to forward Ethernet frames between virtual machines on the same host.Answer
  2. B
    A vSwitch inherently participates in Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) BPDU exchanges with physical switches to prevent loops across virtual ports.
  3. A vSwitch can apply 802.1Q VLAN tags to frames before transmitting them onto physical uplink adapters.Answer
  4. D
    A vSwitch requires a Type 2 hosted hypervisor architecture to map virtual network interface cards (vNICs) directly to host operating system network sockets.

Answer

Virtual switches build dynamic MAC address tables to forward intra-host frame traffic between virtual machines and can tag outgoing traffic with 802.1Q VLAN headers for physical switch connectivity.
Virtual switches emulate physical Layer 2 switch functions by creating dynamic MAC address tables for frame switching between virtual machines. Additionally, vSwitches can act as 802.1Q VLAN-aware devices, tagging traffic (Virtual Switch Tagging) across physical network interfaces connected to upstream switches.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze local Layer 2 forwarding capabilities of a virtual switch
The vSwitch learns vNIC MAC addresses and creates an internal lookup table to switch frames locally.
This allows virtual machines connected to the same vSwitch and VLAN to communicate without sending traffic to external physical hardware.
2
Examine VLAN tagging capabilities on uplink interfaces
The vSwitch can perform 802.1Q encapsulation on frames prior to transmission via physical network interface cards (pNICs).
This allows multiple virtual networks (VLANs) to multiplex over shared physical server uplinks.

Key Concept

Virtual Switch (vSwitch) Layer 2 Operations and Uplink VLAN Tagging
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Topics

Virtualization Fundamentals

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