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Difficulty: EasyFirst Hop Redundancy Protocols (HSRP and VRRP)

Arrange the Cisco Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) router states in the correct sequential order from initial interface startup to the active forwarding role.

  1. 1Initial state: The interface comes up and the HSRP process starts.
  2. 2Listen state: The router receives Hello messages from active and standby routers.
  3. 3Speak state: The router sends periodic Hello messages and joins the election.
  4. 4Standby state: The router is selected as the primary candidate backup router.
  5. 5Active state: The router assumes main forwarding responsibility for virtual gateway traffic.

Answer

The correct sequence of HSRP state transitions from startup to active forwarding is: Initial state, Listen state, Speak state, Standby state, and Active state.
HSRP router state transitions follow a strict logical progression: Initial (startup), Listen (receives Hello packets), Speak (sends Hello packets and joins election), Standby (selected as candidate backup), and Active (forwards virtual IP traffic).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the initialization state.
The router starts in the Initial state.
An interface must be enabled and initialized before any protocol messages are processed.
2
Determine the discovery phase.
The router transitions to the Listen state.
In the Listen state, the router receives Hello packets from existing group members without sending its own.
3
Identify the election participation phase.
The router moves to the Speak state.
The router sends periodic Hello messages to compete for active or standby router roles.
4
Determine the backup role assignment.
The router enters the Standby state.
The router is designated as the candidate to take over if the active router fails.
5
Identify the primary forwarding role.
The router reaches the Active state.
The elected router actively forwards frames destined to the virtual MAC and virtual IP address.

Key Concept

HSRP Router State Machine Sequence
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Topics

First Hop Redundancy Protocols (HSRP and VRRP)

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