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Difficulty: MediumFirst Hop Redundancy Protocols (HSRP and VRRP)

A network administrator is evaluating First Hop Redundancy Protocols (FHRPs) for deployment across enterprise campus VLANs. The engineering team requires a precise comparison of HSRPv2 and VRRPv2 operational mechanics regarding multicast communication, virtual IP assignment, and role terminology. Which two statements accurately describe the differences and similarities between HSRPv2 and VRRPv2?

  1. HSRPv2 uses the multicast IPv4 address 224.0.0.102 for protocol messages, whereas VRRPv2 sends advertisements to the multicast IPv4 address 224.0.0.18.Answer
  2. VRRPv2 allows a router's physical interface IP address to be configured as the virtual IP address, whereas HSRPv2 rejects using an active physical interface IP address as the virtual IP address.Answer
  3. C
    HSRPv2 formats virtual MAC addresses using the prefix 0000.5e00.01XX, whereas VRRPv2 formats virtual MAC addresses using the prefix 0000.0c9f.fXXX.
  4. D
    HSRPv2 designates the primary forwarding gateway as the Master router, whereas VRRPv2 designates the primary forwarding gateway as the Active router.

Answer

The correct statements are that HSRPv2 uses multicast IPv4 address 224.0.0.102 while VRRPv2 uses 224.0.0.18, and VRRPv2 permits configuring a physical interface IP address as the virtual IP address while HSRPv2 requires a distinct virtual IP address.
The correct choices accurately identify the fundamental protocol differences: HSRPv2 sends messages to multicast IP 224.0.0.102 while VRRPv2 uses 224.0.0.18, and VRRPv2 allows configuring the IP address owner (where physical IP equals virtual IP) whereas HSRPv2 strictly prohibits using a physical interface IP address as the virtual IP.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze multicast destination address mechanics for HSRPv2 and VRRPv2.
HSRPv1 uses 224.0.0.2, HSRPv2 uses 224.0.0.102, and VRRP (v2/v3) uses 224.0.0.18. The comparison regarding multicast addresses is correct.
FHRP routers send periodic keepalive packets to specific well-known multicast IPv4 destination addresses.
2
Evaluate Virtual IP address assignment rules for both protocols.
VRRP supports IP Address Owner functionality (matching physical IP to virtual IP with priority 255). HSRP does not support assigning an interface's physical IP address as the virtual IP address.
Cisco IOS enforces distinct virtual IP addresses for HSRP to prevent ARP conflicts and interface state ambiguity.
3
Verify virtual MAC address structure and role terminology for HSRPv2 and VRRPv2.
HSRPv2 virtual MAC prefix is 0000.0c9f.fXXX and active role is 'Active'. VRRPv2 virtual MAC prefix is 0000.5e00.01XX and active role is 'Master'.
Reversing these prefixes or role names represents common protocol confusion.

Key Concept

HSRPv2 vs VRRPv2 Feature Comparison
Estimated Time:1m 15s
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Topics

First Hop Redundancy Protocols (HSRP and VRRP)

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