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Difficulty: MediumFirst Hop Redundancy Protocols (HSRP and VRRP)

Place the HSRP (Hot Standby Router Protocol) router states in the correct chronological order as a newly configured router transitions from initial startup to becoming the active gateway.

  1. 1Initial state: HSRP is first enabled on the interface or the interface transitions to the UP state.
  2. 2Listen state: The router passively receives Hello messages from existing active and standby routers.
  3. 3Speak state: The router begins sending periodic Hello messages to participate in the active and standby election.
  4. 4Standby state: The router is selected as the primary candidate to take over if the active router fails.
  5. 5Active state: The router assumes full gateway duties and forwards traffic sent to the group virtual IP address.

Answer

The correct sequence of HSRP states from startup to active gateway is Initial, Listen, Speak, Standby, and Active.
During standard HSRP election and initialization, a router follows a strict 5-state progression: Initial (interface up), Listen (receiving peer Hello packets), Speak (actively sending Hello packets to compete in election), Standby (elected as primary backup), and Active (forwarding virtual IP traffic).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the initial configuration state upon interface activation.
Initial state is the first phase.
The protocol begins in Initial state when HSRP is first enabled or when an interface changes state to UP.
2
Determine the passive monitoring state prior to active participation.
Listen state comes second.
The router must first listen for existing active/standby Hello packets to determine if a gateway is already elected.
3
Identify when the router starts transmitting Hello messages.
Speak state comes third.
Once the router gathers initial group information, it enters Speak state to transmit Hello messages and enter the election.
4
Identify the election outcome role prior to active status.
Standby state comes fourth.
If the router has a higher priority than other non-active routers, it becomes the Standby router candidate.
5
Identify the final operational state responsible for packet forwarding.
Active state is the final phase.
The router transitions to Active state to process traffic sent to the virtual MAC and virtual IP address.

Key Concept

HSRP router state transitions and convergence lifecycle
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Topics

First Hop Redundancy Protocols (HSRP and VRRP)

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