Question

Difficulty: Very hardWired and Wireless Network Issues

A network technician is troubleshooting a newly installed workstation in a corporate office. The workstation shows an active physical link light on its NIC but cannot access local network resources or the internet. Running `ipconfig /all` on the workstation displays an IPv4 address of 169.254.112.45169.254.112.45 with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0255.255.0.0 and no default gateway listed. Running `ping 127.0.0.1` succeeds. Assigning a valid static IP address (192.168.20.50/24192.168.20.50/24) manually allows local interface binding, but the client still cannot ping its default gateway (192.168.20.1192.168.20.1). The switch port is configured with 802.1X port-based access control and assigned to VLAN 20. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this connectivity failure?

  1. The switch port has blocked data traffic because the client workstation failed 802.1X network authentication.Answer
  2. B
    The workstation's network interface card has experienced a hardware failure because APIPA addresses indicate damaged physical circuitry.
  3. C
    The corporate DNS server is offline, preventing the workstation from obtaining a dynamic IP address lease.
  4. D
    The NIC link lights are misleading because a pinout mismatch prevents the TCP/IP stack from processing loopback diagnostics.

Answer

The switch port has blocked data traffic because the client workstation failed 802.1X network authentication.
On networks enforced with IEEE 802.1X port-based Network Access Control (NAC), a switch port stays in an unauthenticated state until the supplicant (client software) successfully authenticates with the authentication server (e.g., RADIUS). In this unauthenticated state, the switch drops all user data traffic (DHCP requests, ICMP pings, ARP requests). Consequently, the client defaults to an APIPA address (169.254.x.x169.254.x.x). Manually setting a static IP address does not bypass 802.1X port blocking at the switch level.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the ipconfig output and diagnostic command results.
The presence of 169.254.112.45169.254.112.45 confirms the client generated an Automatic Private IP Address (APIPA) because no DHCP offer was received. Successful ping to 127.0.0.1127.0.0.1 verifies local protocol stack health.
This isolates the failure to Layer 2/Layer 3 communication across the physical switch port rather than local host software corruption.
2
Evaluate the manual static IP configuration test.
Setting a static IP (192.168.20.50/24192.168.20.50/24) fails to communicate with the default gateway (192.168.20.1192.168.20.1).
This rules out simple DHCP server scope exhaustion or unreachability on an otherwise open switch port, indicating Layer 2 port-level traffic restriction.
3
Correlate symptoms with switch port security configurations.
The switch port utilizes 802.1X access control. Unauthenticated ports drop all ingress and egress frame traffic except EAPOL authentication messages.
Failure to authenticate leaves the port locked in an unauthorized state, preventing both DHCP traffic (causing APIPA) and static IP communications.

Key Concept

802.1X Port Authentication and Layer 2 Network Access Control Diagnostics
Estimated Time:2m 30s
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