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Difficulty: MediumConnection-Oriented vs Connectionless Protocols

A network administrator is analyzing transport layer requirements for two network services: an interactive database management session and a local network host discovery service. When evaluating the connectionless transport protocol (UDP) used by the discovery service compared to the connection-oriented transport protocol (TCP) used by the database session, which of the following operational traits specifically characterize the connectionless protocol? (SELECT TWO).

  1. Payload delivery begins immediately without performing a preliminary three-way handshake to establish session state.Answer
  2. The protocol header maintains a minimalist 8-byte header structure that lacks sequence numbers and acknowledgment fields.Answer
  3. C
    Guaranteed in-order delivery of payload data is dynamically managed using sliding window flow control.
  4. D
    Transport data units bypass Layer 3 routing protocols and encapsulate directly into Layer 2 Ethernet frames.
  5. E
    Communication requires reserved service port 22 to ensure encrypted state verification between hosts.

Answer

The correct options state that payload delivery begins immediately without a preliminary three-way handshake and that the protocol header maintains a minimalist 8-byte header structure lacking sequence and acknowledgment fields.
Connectionless transport protocols like UDP do not establish a formal session prior to data transmission, eliminating the latency of a three-way handshake. Additionally, UDP overhead is minimized by using a fixed 8-byte header that omits sequence numbering, acknowledgment tracking, and window size fields required by connection-oriented protocols like TCP.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the protocol model operating in a connectionless environment.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is identified as the connectionless transport protocol.
Connectionless protocols send data statelessly without session establishment or guaranteed delivery mechanics.
2
Differentiate session initiation mechanisms between connectionless and connection-oriented protocols.
Connectionless transmission sends datagrams without requiring a TCP three-way handshake (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK).
Eliminating handshake overhead reduces latency for stateless communications like service discovery.
3
Examine transport header structures.
UDP uses a compact 8-byte header comprising Source Port, Destination Port, Length, and Checksum.
Fields related to sequence numbers, acknowledgment numbers, and window size are absent because UDP does not track segment order or congestion states.

Key Concept

Connection-Oriented (TCP) vs. Connectionless (UDP) Protocol Characteristics
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Topics

Connection-Oriented vs Connectionless Protocols

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