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Difficulty: EasyTroubleshooting IP Addressing and DHCP Services

A workstation on a local network is configured to obtain an IP address dynamically. Arrange the four messages of the DHCP lease acquisition process (DORA) in the correct chronological sequence from start to finish.

  1. 1The client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER message on the local network segment to locate any available DHCP servers.
  2. 2A DHCP server responds with a DHCPOFFER message specifying an available IP address, subnet mask, and lease duration.
  3. 3The client broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST message signaling its acceptance of the offered network configuration.
  4. 4The DHCP server transmits a DHCPACK message to confirm the lease allocation and complete the configuration.

Answer

The correct chronological sequence for the DHCP lease acquisition process is: 1. DHCPDISCOVER broadcast by client, 2. DHCPOFFER sent by server, 3. DHCPREQUEST broadcast by client, 4. DHCPACK confirmation sent by server.
The DHCP DORA process follows the mnemonic DORA: Discover (client broadcast searching for server), Offer (server response offering IP configuration), Request (client broadcast requesting offered IP), and Acknowledge (server confirmation finalizing the lease). Placing the items in the order DHCPDISCOVER -> DHCPOFFER -> DHCPREQUEST -> DHCPACK represents the standard four-way handshake for dynamic IP allocation.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the initial communication step taken by a client without an IP address.
The host broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER packet to locate any listening DHCP server on the local broadcast domain.
Since the client does not yet have an IP configuration, it must broadcast to find DHCP servers.
2
Identify the server's immediate response to the discovery broadcast.
The server sends a DHCPOFFER message offering an available IPv4 address, default gateway, and subnet mask.
The server reserves an unassigned address from its active scope and offers it to the client.
3
Identify the client's selection response to the offered parameters.
The host broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST message accepting the offer.
Broadcasting the request notifies the offering server that its proposal was accepted while informing other DHCP servers to release any offered addresses.
4
Identify the final acknowledgment step from the DHCP server.
The server responds with a DHCPACK message finalizing the lease contract.
The ACK message binds the IP configuration to the client's MAC address and permits the client to use the assigned parameters.

Key Concept

DHCP DORA Process (Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge)
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Topics

Troubleshooting IP Addressing and DHCP Services

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