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Question

Difficulty: EasyNAT and PAT Implementation

A network administrator needs to configure an enterprise router so that multiple internal workstations assigned private IP addresses can access the internet simultaneously using a single registered public IP address. Which address translation technology should the administrator implement?

  1. Port Address Translation (PAT)Answer
  2. B
    Static Network Address Translation (Static NAT)
  3. C
    Dynamic Network Address Translation (Dynamic NAT)
  4. D
    Layer 4 Port Forwarding

Answer

Port Address Translation (PAT) enables multiple internal hosts to access external networks using a single public IP address by assigning unique source port numbers to each traffic session.
Port Address Translation (PAT), or NAT Overload, modifies both the IP address and Layer 4 source port numbers of outbound packets. This allows a router to maintain a translation table mapping thousands of individual private sessions to a single public IP address.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the technical requirement
Multiple private IP hosts need outbound internet access sharing a single public IP address.
Public IPv4 addresses are limited, requiring port multiplexing to distinguish host traffic streams.
2
Compare address translation mechanisms
Static NAT and standard Dynamic NAT use one-to-one IP mappings, whereas PAT uses a one-to-many mapping by varying TCP/UDP source port numbers.
PAT appends unique port numbers to the shared public IP address in the router's translation table.

Key Concept

Port Address Translation (PAT) / NAT Overload
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Topics

NAT and PAT Implementation

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