A network administrator is analyzing traffic captures from an automated router configuration management tool. The tool uses a connection-oriented protocol to push critical script updates to remote devices, ensuring that no commands are dropped or received out of sequence. Which mechanism inherent to connection-oriented protocols accounts for the additional initial latency observed before actual application data transmission begins?
- The execution of a three-way handshake to synchronize sequence numbers and establish session stateAnswer
- BThe encapsulation of Layer 3 IP header fields into Layer 2 Ethernet frames prior to transmission
- CThe reliance on UDP port multiplexing to guarantee packet delivery across intermediate switches
- DThe requirement to map ephemeral port numbers to well-known service ports at the network layer
Answer
The execution of a three-way handshake to synchronize sequence numbers and establish session state
Connection-oriented protocols (such as TCP) establish a formal session state between endpoints using a three-way handshake (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK) before data transfer begins. This negotiation ensures sequence numbers are synchronized and resources are allocated, which inherently adds initial connection delay before payload data flows.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Connection-Oriented vs Connectionless Protocol Overhead