Question

Difficulty: MediumSocial Engineering Attacks and Vectors

Match each enterprise security incident scenario on the left with the corresponding social engineering attack vector or technique on the right.

  • An attacker leaves custom USB drives labeled 'Q3 Executive Salary Review' on tables in the corporate cafeteria to trick curious employees into plugging them into company workstations.Baiting
  • An attacker fabricates a detailed persona as an external compliance auditor and calls human resources to request temporary administrative access credentials under the guise of an unannounced regulatory review.Pretexting
  • An attacker intercepts communication between a firm and its regular supplier, replacing the supplier's legitimate wire transfer payment instructions with attacker-controlled bank details.Invoice Switching
  • An attacker sends a highly targeted email directly to the Chief Executive Officer, referencing private board meeting topics to urgently demand a transfer of funds to avoid a fictitious regulatory fine.Whaling

Answer

The correct pairings match: (1) USB drives left in the cafeteria to Baiting; (2) Fictional compliance auditor identity requesting access to Pretexting; (3) Intercepting supplier wire payment details to Invoice Switching; and (4) Highly targeted email aimed at the CEO to Whaling.
Each attack vector is correctly identified by evaluating its delivery channel, target profile, and deception technique: Baiting uses physical curiosity triggers; Pretexting uses a crafted false persona; Invoice Switching alters legitimate transaction details; and Whaling specifically targets high-ranking executives.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the physical media scenario (cafeteria USB drives)
Identified as Baiting, which relies on offering an appealing item (curiosity hook) to entice a victim into executing malware.
Baiting relies on physical or digital promises that exploit curiosity or greed.
2
Analyze the identity fraud scenario (fake auditor calling HR)
Identified as Pretexting, which involves inventing a believable context or role to manipulation individuals into surrendering information.
Pretexting requires establishing a fictional background story and role prior to requesting sensitive access.
3
Analyze the payment detail tampering scenario (modifying vendor bank info)
Identified as Invoice Switching, where legitimate transactional data is modified to divert money.
Invoice switching explicitly targets financial workflows by modifying beneficiary banking details.
4
Analyze the high-level executive targeting scenario (email to CEO)
Identified as Whaling, a specialized subcategory of spear phishing directed specifically at C-suite personnel.
Phishing attempts specifically aimed at senior leadership or high-value targets are categorized as whaling.

Key Concept

Social Engineering Attack Classification
Rate this question