Question

Difficulty: MediumInequalities and Absolute Value Equations

If xx is a real number satisfying the equation 2x3=3x+1|2x - 3| = 3x + 1, what is the value of x2+2xx^2 + 2x?

  1. A
    1625-\frac{16}{25}
  2. B
    825\frac{8}{25}
  3. 2425\frac{24}{25}Answer
  4. D
    88
  5. E
    5625\frac{56}{25}

Answer

The value of x2+2xx^2 + 2x is 2425\frac{24}{25}.
The equation 2x3=3x+1|2x - 3| = 3x + 1 requires 3x+103x + 1 \ge 0, or x13x \ge -\frac{1}{3}. Setting 2x3=3x+12x - 3 = 3x + 1 gives x=4x = -4, which violates x13x \ge -\frac{1}{3} and is extraneous. Setting (2x3)=3x+1-(2x - 3) = 3x + 1 yields 2x+3=3x+1-2x + 3 = 3x + 1, which simplifies to 5x=25x = 2, or x=25x = \frac{2}{5}. Since 2513\frac{2}{5} \ge -\frac{1}{3}, this is the unique valid solution. Substituting x=25x = \frac{2}{5} into x2+2xx^2 + 2x gives (25)2+2(25)=425+2025=2425\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)^2 + 2\left(\frac{2}{5}\right) = \frac{4}{25} + \frac{20}{25} = \frac{24}{25}.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Set up the conditions for the absolute value equation 2x3=3x+1|2x - 3| = 3x + 1.
Since the absolute value 2x3|2x - 3| must be non-negative, the right-hand side must satisfy 3x+103x + 1 \ge 0, which means x13x \ge -\frac{1}{3}.
An absolute value expression cannot equal a negative number.
2
Solve Case 1: 2x302x - 3 \ge 0 (so x32x \ge \frac{3}{2}).
2x3=3x+1    x=42x - 3 = 3x + 1 \implies x = -4.
Remove the absolute value bars directly when the inside expression is non-negative.
3
Check Case 1 candidate solution against constraints.
x=4x = -4 is extraneous because 4<32-4 < \frac{3}{2} and 3(4)+1=11<03(-4) + 1 = -11 < 0. Reject x=4x = -4.
Plugging x=4x = -4 into the original equation yields 11=11|-11| = -11, which is false.
4
Solve Case 2: 2x3<02x - 3 < 0 (so x<32x < \frac{3}{2}).
(2x3)=3x+1    2x+3=3x+1    5x=2    x=25-(2x - 3) = 3x + 1 \implies -2x + 3 = 3x + 1 \implies 5x = 2 \implies x = \frac{2}{5}.
Negate the expression inside the absolute value when it is negative.
5
Check Case 2 candidate solution and evaluate the target expression.
Since x=2513x = \frac{2}{5} \ge -\frac{1}{3}, it is valid. Then x2+2x=(25)2+2(25)=425+45=2425x^2 + 2x = \left(\frac{2}{5}\right)^2 + 2\left(\frac{2}{5}\right) = \frac{4}{25} + \frac{4}{5} = \frac{24}{25}.
Substitute the single valid real solution into x2+2xx^2 + 2x.

Key Concept

Absolute Value Equations and Extraneous Solution Elimination
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