Read the following argument regarding urban transport policy carefully, focusing on the roles played by the bolded statements:
Many urban planners contend that introducing congestion pricing in central business districts will inevitably reduce commercial activity by discouraging consumers from driving downtown. However, [1] this position overlooks the reality that severe traffic gridlock itself imposes substantial monetary costs on local merchants by delaying deliveries and curtailing customer turnover. Furthermore, empirical data from metropolitan areas with peak-hour tolls show that retail foot traffic increases once gridlock is alleviated. Therefore, [2] the claim that congestion pricing inherently harms central district businesses is unfounded, and municipal governments [3] should proceed with implementing peak-hour tolls to revitalize urban commercial centers.
Match each bolded statement from the passage to its exact structural role in the argument.
- First bolded statement: "[1] this position overlooks the reality that severe traffic gridlock itself imposes substantial monetary costs on local merchants by delaying deliveries and curtailing customer turnover."A premise presented by the author to counter an opposing position and lay factual groundwork for the author's position.
- Second bolded statement: "[2] the claim that congestion pricing inherently harms central district businesses is unfounded,"An intermediate conclusion reached by the author that directly rebuts the opponent's argument and provides support for the final recommendation.
- Third bolded statement: "[3] should proceed with implementing peak-hour tolls to revitalize urban commercial centers."The main conclusion of the argument, which formulates a definitive policy proposal based on the preceding evaluation and evidence.