Question

Difficulty: HardInequalities and Absolute Value Equations

How many integer values of nn satisfy the inequality n292n+6|n^2 - 9| \leq 2n + 6?

Answer: 6

Answer

There are 6 integer values of nn that satisfy the given inequality.
Because n290|n^2 - 9| \geq 0 for all real numbers, 2n+62n + 6 must be non-negative, requiring n3n \geq -3. At n=3n = -3, the inequality reduces to 000 \leq 0, which is valid. For n>3n > -3, the term n+3n + 3 is positive, so factoring n29|n^2 - 9| into n3(n+3)|n - 3|(n + 3) and dividing by n+3n + 3 simplifies the inequality to n32|n - 3| \leq 2. This yields the integer range 1n51 \leq n \leq 5, containing 5 integers. Including n=3n = -3 gives a total of 6 integer solutions.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the domain constraint from the non-negativity of the absolute value expression.
2n+60    n32n + 6 \geq 0 \implies n \geq -3
The absolute value expression n29|n^2 - 9| is non-negative for all real nn, so the right-hand side must also be non-negative.
2
Evaluate the boundary case n=3n = -3.
(3)29=0|(-3)^2 - 9| = 0 and 2(3)+6=0    002(-3) + 6 = 0 \implies 0 \leq 0 (True)
When n=3n = -3, both sides equal 0, making n=3n = -3 a valid integer solution.
3
Factor the quadratic inside the absolute value for n>3n > -3 and simplify.
n3n+32(n+3)    n32|n - 3||n + 3| \leq 2(n + 3) \implies |n - 3| \leq 2
Since n>3n > -3, the term n+3n + 3 is strictly positive, allowing division of both sides by n+3n + 3 without reversing the inequality.
4
Solve the linear absolute value inequality n32|n - 3| \leq 2.
2n32    1n5-2 \leq n - 3 \leq 2 \implies 1 \leq n \leq 5
Removing the absolute value creates a compound inequality bounded between 2-2 and 22.
5
List all valid integer solutions and count them.
n{3,1,2,3,4,5}    6n \in \{-3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \implies 6 integer solutions
Combining the boundary root n=3n = -3 with the five consecutive integers from 11 to 55 gives 6 integer solutions.

Key Concept

Absolute Value Inequalities with Variable RHS and Boundary Factors
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